Out-of-Equilibrium Economics and Agent-Based ModelingW. Brian Arthur Chapter 32 in Handbook of Computational Economics, 2006, vol. 2, pp 1551-1564 from Elsevier Abstract: Standard neoclassical economics asks what agents' actions, strategies, or expectations are in equilibrium with (consistent with) the outcome or pattern these behaviors aggregatively create. Agent-based computational economics enables us to ask a wider question: how agents' actions, strategies, or expectations might react to--might endogenously change with--the patterns they create. In other words, it enables us to examine how the economy behaves out of equilibrium, when it is not at a steady state.This out-of-equilibrium approach is not a minor adjunct to standard economic theory; it is economics done in a more general way. When examined out of equilibrium, economic patterns sometimes simplify into a simple, homogeneous equilibrium of standard economics; but just as often they show perpetually novel and complex behavior. The static equilibrium approach suffers two characteristic indeterminacies: it cannot easily resolve among multiple equilibria; nor can it easily model individuals' choices of expectations. Both problems are ones of formation (of an equilibrium and of an "ecology" of expectations, respectively), and when analyzed in formation--that is, out of equilibrium--these anomalies disappear. JEL-codes: C63 (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Access Statistics for this chapter More chapters in Handbook of Computational Economics from Elsevier |
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