Abstract:
Governments frequently intervene to support domestic industries, but a surprising amount ofthis support goes to ailing sectors. We explain this with a lobbying model that allows forentry and sunk costs. Specifically, policy is influenced by pressure groups that incur lobbyingexpenses to create rents. In expanding industries, entry tends to erode such rents, but indeclining industries, sunk costs rule out entry as long as the rents are not too high. Thisasymmetric appropriability of rents means losers lobby harder. Thus it is not that governmentpolicy picks losers, it is that losers pick government policy.