Abstract:
Non-union direct voice has replaced union representative voice as the primary avenue for employeevoice in the British private sector. This paper provides a framework for examining the relationshipbetween employee voice and workplace outcomes that explains this development. As exit-voicetheory predicts, voice is associated with lower voluntary turnover, especially in the case of unionvoice. Union voice is also associated with greater workplace conflict and poorer productivity. Nonunionvoice is associated with better workplace financial performance than other voice regimes.