Abstract:
Cooperation among opportunistic agents often breaks down when agents cannot observe one another’s actions. The standard remedy for such a problem is a two-mode approach pioneered by Green and Porter (1984), where agents switch back and forth between cooperation and punishment mode. Here, I consider use of a deadline as an alternative. I find that, under certain conditions, imposing a deadline can induce cooperation with unobservable actions, and that the optimal deadline can payoffdominates the optimal two-mode strategy.