Assymetries in Union Relative Wage Effects in Ghanian Manufacturing - An analysis Applying Quantile Regressions

Niels-Hugo Blunch () and Dorthe Verner
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Dorthe Verner: Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Aarhus School of Business, Postal: The Aarhus School of Business, Prismet, Silkeborgvej 2, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

No 01-7, CLS Working Papers from University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research

Abstract: This paper analyzes the earnings determinants in the Ghanian manufacturing industries, focussing on the impact of unions in terms of the so-called "union relative wage effect" and the possible asymmetries of this impact across the earnings distribution. We find evidence of a union relative wage effect ocurring via two distinct channels. First, we find a direct effect through individual union membership. This is the standard "union premium" well known from the empirical litterature on unions. Second, we find evidence of a spillover effect to non-union members. In addition, we find evidence of an additional union effect coming through via firm-specific training. We confirm our conjecture of an asymmetry in the union relative wage effect, unions mainly benefiting the lower end of the wage distribution. This is in line with previous research, which generally finds that unions increase income equality and reduce wage discrimination. Evaluating the non-union sub-sample using the estimated union wage structure further establishes the presence of structural differences between the union and non-union segments of the Ghanian manufacturing industry in that for given characteristics, a worker in the union sector earns more than a worker in the non-union sector.

Keywords: Africa; Ghana; Human capital; Union relative wage effect; Quantile regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J31 J51 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-afr
Date: 2001-03-01
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