What is a Gang and Why Does the Law Care?

Phil Curry () and Steeve Mongrain ()
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Steeve Mongrain: Simon Fraser University, http://www.econ.sfu.ca/

Discussion Papers from Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University

Abstract: The economic theory of optimal punishments states that the expected penalty for a crime ought to be equal (or at least proportional) to the social harm caused by the act. The Criminal Codes in both Canada and the United States allow for criminals to be penalized to a greater degree if they are a member of a gang. According to the economic theory, this would be optimal if either: 1) the social harm from a criminal act is greater for a gang member than for an independent criminal, or 2) the probability of conviction is lower for a gang member. We examine the extent to which both of these possibilities are true and use the findings to develop a (perhaps improved) definition of a gang. Classification-JEL K14, K42

Keywords: Crime; Criminal Organization; Enforcement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-law
Date: 2008-09
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