Abstract:
This Research Report discusses the changing nature of research and development in Russia. In the decades following World War II the USSR was one of the two great powers in R&D; the other was the USA. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the R&D sector went into a precipitous decline that continued until at least 1995. The collection of papers in this report address what went wrong. A number of broad issues are addressed, such as whether the decline of R&D sector from 1991 to 1995 was too steep or too modest for the welfare of the Russian economy; how the structure and organization of Russian applied R&D should be developed over the long term; and what role government policy should play in Russian applied R&D. Chapters in the report were written by Russian senior officials and scholars of R&D policy from outside Russia.