Abstract:
A major and long-standing focus of scholarly research in the international business area is the identification and evaluation of the determinants of the location of international production. Empirical studies are primarily carried out at the country and industry levels and generally concentrate on overall FDI flows without distinguishing among different modes of FDI. Empirical studies focusing on aggregated inward and outward FDI flows, especially at the country level, implicitly assume that the same factors motivate all modes of FDI. To the extent that this is not the case, many empirical studies of overall FDI flows may be misleading.