Identification of Wide-Range-Frequency Oscillations in Power Systems Based on Improved PSO-VMD

Heran Kang, Wenyi Li (), Bin He and Zitao Chen
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Heran Kang: College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
Wenyi Li: College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
Bin He: College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
Zitao Chen: School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: With the continuous advancement of China’s new-type power system construction, wide-range-frequency oscillation accidents in the power grid have become frequent, characterized by multiple modal components and a wide frequency range. Due to the nonlinearity and coupled time-varying characteristic of wide-range-frequency oscillations, it is difficult to accurately identify parameters. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO)–variational mode decomposition (VMD) method for identifying wide-range-frequency oscillations. First, through improved PSO, the number of modal and secondary penalty factors of the VMD are self-optimized. Energy loss is used as the fitness function, and optimum is achieved through dynamic adjustment of the inertial factor of the particle swarm algorithm. Second, the wide-range-frequency oscillation signal undergoes VMD based on the number of obtained modals and the secondary penalty factor. The effective and noisy modal components are separated using the correlation coefficient approach, and signal reconstruction is utilized to reduce noise. Finally, simulation examples were used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can capture all wide-band-frequency oscillation information of the signal with an identification error below 2%. It provides a theoretical basis and technical support for wide-band-frequency oscillation traceability and mitigation.

Keywords: wide-range-frequency oscillation; parameter identification; improved PSO; VMD (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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