Critical Gap Analysis: Current Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education Model Versus Proposed Heritage Language Bilingual Education Framework in Bangladesh

Borendra Lal Tripura
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Borendra Lal Tripura: Department of English, American International University-Bangladesh

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 11, 3151-3160

Abstract: This study analyzes disparities between Bangladesh's current Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) model, introduced in 2017, and the comprehensive bilingual framework proposed in 2008. Through comparative policy analysis across ten dimensions-from philosophy to resource allocation-the research finds that the existing model constitutes weak bilingual education, providing limited indigenous language instruction (10-15%), whereas the proposed model envisions co-equal mediums (50%). The findings reveal symbolic rather than substantive inclusion, constraining educational and cultural outcomes. Evidence-based recommendations outline a six-year phased reform pathway, drawing on global best practices to advance equity and linguistic rights for indigenous communities in Bangladesh.

Date: 2025
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