Research on High-Frequency Impedance Characteristics of Damaged Circuit Breaker Closing Resistance

Ce Zhang, Bo Niu, Feiyue Ma, Lingjun Yin, Shangpeng Sun and Xutao Han ()
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Ce Zhang: Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750011, China
Bo Niu: Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750011, China
Feiyue Ma: Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750011, China
Lingjun Yin: School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Shangpeng Sun: Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750011, China
Xutao Han: School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: The closing resistor in a circuit breaker are prone to damage during operation due to extreme factors such as over-voltage, over-current, and mechanical shock, which alter their high-frequency impedance characteristics. Comparing impedance before and after damage can indicate the severity of degradation. However, the high-frequency impedance properties of damaged closing resistors remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates three classic damage types through simulation and external testing on a physical circuit breaker, validating the accuracy of the simulation results. Further high-frequency impedance measurements inside the tank examine the characteristics under varying damage degrees. Results show that external testing reflects the intrinsic impedance changes in the resistor string, exhibiting primarily resistive and inductive traits, with negligible capacitive influence. In contrast, internal measurements are affected by the tank’s capacitance, leading to a resonance point in the high-frequency range. Different damage degrees cause noticeable shifts in the resonance frequency and a gradual increase in impedance magnitude. These findings offer practical guidance for field inspection of circuit breaker closing resistor conditions using high-frequency impedance techniques.

Keywords: circuit breakers; pre-insertion resistors; high-frequency impedance; damage diagnosis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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