Simulation and optimization of the drawing process for Bi-based rectangular high-temperature superconducting wires

Yifan Zhang, Hongli Hou, Lang Jiang, Gaofeng Jiao, Lei Zhi, Jixing Liu, Shengnan Zhang (), Jianfeng Li and Pingxiang Zhang
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Yifan Zhang: Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Material Science and Engineering
Hongli Hou: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Lang Jiang: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Gaofeng Jiao: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Lei Zhi: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Jixing Liu: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Shengnan Zhang: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Jianfeng Li: Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Superconducting Materials Research Center
Pingxiang Zhang: Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Material Science and Engineering

The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2025, vol. 98, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212) rectangular wires exhibit many advantages in the fabrication of low-porosity coils and the welding of mechanical reinforcement. However, Ag between filaments is prone to breakage, which severely deteriorates wire mechanical and current-carrying properties. To elucidate the effects of die structure and processing parameters on rectangular deformation behavior and performance optimization of wires, in this paper, two special die structures were designed for forming the Bi-2212 rectangular wires. The effects of die structure, processing rate, and filament number, as well as annealing process, on the mechanical properties and supercurrent carrying capacity of Bi-2212 rectangular wires were systematically studied. The correlation between processing parameters and the Ag fracture between filaments was qualitatively analyzed, the mechanism of reducing tensile stress via die wall support during drawing process was revealed, and the structure of the die used for forming rectangular wire was optimized to solve the problem of Ag fracture between filaments. The results indicated that, as the wires with 666-filament via annealing treatment were subjected to forming using biaxial deformation die, the better rectangular wires with nearly fracture-free interfaces can be obtained, and the sintered Bi-2212 rectangular wires achieved a yield strength of 100 MPa as well as a critical current density of 80,000 A mm−2 at 4.2 K by magnetization measurement. Graphical abstract

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01101-2

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