AEA Papers and Proceedings

2018 - 2026

Current editor(s): William Johnson and Kelly Markel

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Volume 116, month May, 2026

President's Foreword pp. xi-xii

Katharine G. Abraham

Editors’ Introduction pp. xiii-xiii

William R. Johnson

Where Are the Streets of Gold, and Why? A New Approach to Cross-Country Analysis and an Application to Immigrant Assimilation pp. 1-19

Ran Abramitzky and Leah Boustan

The Adoption of Industrial AI in America pp. 20-25

Kristina McElheran, Mu-Jeung Yang, Zachary Kroff and Erik Brynjolfsson

Generative AI: What Type of Technology? pp. 26-30

Martin Neil Baily, David M. Byrne, Aidan T. Kane and Paul E. Soto

Aggregate Productivity Gains from Artificial Intelligence: A Sectoral Perspective pp. 31-35

Francesco Filippucci, Peter Gal and Matthias Schief

AI as an Innovation in the Method of Innovation: Implications for Productivity Growth pp. 36-40

Filippo Bontadini, Carol Corrado, Jonathan Haskel and Cecilia Jona-Lasinio

American Investment in Chinese Renminbi pp. 41-46

Bruno Cavani, Christopher Clayton, Amanda Dos Santos, Matteo Maggiori and Jesse Schreger

Global Trade, Tariff Uncertainty, and the US Dollar pp. 47-52

Şebnem Kalemli-Özcan, Can Soylu and Muhammed A. Yıldırım

Stablecoins and the Dollar: Historical Parallels and Future Risks pp. 53-57

Max Harris and Kenneth Rogoff

Dynamic Difference-in-Differences with Interference pp. 58-63

Ruonan Xu

When Should Pre-trends Be Parallel? pp. 64-69

Dalia Ghanem, Pedro H. C. Sant’Anna and Kaspar Wüthrich

Event Studies with Feedback pp. 70-74

Irene Botosaru and Laura Liu

Nonlinear Difference-in-Differences with Repeated Cross Sections pp. 75-80

Jeffrey M. Wooldridge

Debiasing Estimates of Global Forest Cover Loss pp. 81-86

Matthew Gordon, Eliana Stone, Megan Ayers and Luke Sanford

Causal Inference with Satellite Imagery: A Comparison of Methods for Forest Conservation Data pp. 87-91

Haya Alsharif, Ashesh Rambachan, Rahul Singh and Davide Viviano

Performing Valid Inference with AI/ML-Generated Covariates: A Guide for Empirical Practice pp. 92-97

Timothy Christensen and Stephen Hansen

A Preview of the Predict-Then-Debias Bootstrap pp. 98-102

Dan M. Kluger, Kerri Lu, Tijana Zrnic, Sherrie Wang and Stephen Bates

The Rare-Earth Footprint of the Global Economy: Input-Output Evidence pp. 103-108

Laura Alfaro, Harald Fadinger, Jan Schymik and Gede Virananda

Multilateral Export Control Regimes and Aggregate Exports pp. 109-113

Jingting Fan, Kyle Handley and Nuno Limão

Can Sanctions Deter Wars? The Russia-Ukraine Case pp. 114-118

Thierry Mayer, Isabelle Méjean and Mathias Thoenig

Geopolitics and Shallow Integration pp. 119-126

Aaditya Mattoo, Michele Ruta and Robert W. Staiger

Sustaining International Rules in a Multipolar World pp. 127-132

Cecilia Carvalho, Nicolas Goulart, Daniel Monte and Emanuel Ornelas

Global Imbalances and Power Imbalances pp. 133-137

Christopher Clayton, Matteo Maggiori and Jesse Schreger

Reexamining Geographic Variation in Health and Health Care pp. 138-143

Amy Finkelstein and Matthew Gentzkow

International Comparison of Physician Incomes pp. 144-149

Aidan Buehler, Joshua D. Gottlieb, Jeffrey Hicks, Lisa Laun, Mårten Palme, Maria Polyakova, Victoria Udalova and Maria Ventura

Explaining the Atomistic versus Ecological Fallacies in SES-Health Gradients pp. 150-155

William Parker and Johannes Spinnewijn

Employment Preferences of Favela Residents pp. 156-161

Mayara Felix, Beatriz Marcoje, Ieda Matavelli and Maria Clara Rodrigues

When Outsiders Become Insiders: Beliefs and the Persistence of Exclusionary Norms pp. 162-166

Luisa Cefalà, Franck Irakoze, Pedro Naso and Nicholas Swanson

A New Perspective on Spatial Heterogeneity in African Development pp. 167-172

Pascaline Dupas, Nicolas Suarez and Zhongyi Tang

How Many (Half) Moons? Measuring Technology Adoption from the Sky and on the Ground pp. 173-177

Jenny C. Aker, Jennifer Burney, Alison Campion, B. Kelsey Jack and Chuan Liao

Predicting Well-Being with Mobile Phone Data: Evidence from Four Countries pp. 178-183

Emily Aiken, Joshua E. Blumenstock, Sveta Milusheva and M. Merritt Smith

Representation in Mobility Data in Emerging Cities pp. 184-189

Daniel Björkegren, Alice Duhaut, Oluchi Mbonu, Geetika Nagpal and Nick Tsivanidis

Persistent Impacts of Improved Apprenticeship Training Quality pp. 190-194

Morgan Hardy, Isaac Mbiti and Jamie McCasland

Teacher Content Knowledge in Indian Secondary Schools and Its Relationship with Student Learning pp. 195-200

Sabrin Beg, Anne Fitzpatrick, Jason T. Kerwin, Adrienne Lucas and Khandker Wahedur Rahman

Beyond the Campus: Indirect Effects of University Openings in Uganda pp. 201-205

Tess Lallemant and Brian Dillon

The Leaky College Pipeline: Evidence from Administrative Data in Uganda pp. 206-211

Isaac Ahimbisibwe, Adrien Dautheville, Lenka Fiala, Saint Kizito Omala and Wayne Aaron Sandholtz

Assessing Information: The Content of Asynchronous Communication in Hybrid Work pp. 212-217

Kyle Schirmann, Miguel Espinosa, Prithwiraj (Raj) Choudhury, Tarun Khanna and Christos A. Makridis

Can Remote Work Narrow Gender Gaps in Greedy Jobs? pp. 218-222

Emma Harrington and Matthew E. Kahn

Younger Firms and CEOs Allow More Work from Home pp. 223-227

Cevat Giray Aksoy, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Katelyn Cranney, Steven J. Davis, Mathias Dolls and Pablo Zarate

Measuring the Ins and Outs of Remote Work: New Evidence from the Gallup Workplace Panel pp. 228-235

Christos A. Makridis

Gender-Specific Occupational Following and Gender Differences in Occupational Choice pp. 236-240

Samuel M. Solomon

The Declining Local Bias of Entrepreneurship in the United States pp. 241-245

Innessa Colaiacovo, Margaret Dalton, Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr

AI-Accelerated Occupational Decline and the Mobility Trap pp. 246-250

Xi Song, Jennie E. Brand, Sukie Xiuqi Yang and Michael Lachanski

Declining Occupations and Career Outcomes in Norway pp. 251-255

Erling Barth, Maria Forthun Hoen, Sari Pekkala Kerr and William Kerr

The Effect of Noncompete Enforceability on Productivity: Evidence from a New State-Level Manufacturing Dataset pp. 256-261

Katherine Chang, Matthew Johnson, Kurt Lavetti, Michael Lipsitz and Devesh Raval

Noncompetes and Firm Heterogeneity pp. 262-266

Axel Gottfries and Gregor Jarosch

Noncompete Agreements and Bargaining Power pp. 267-272

Bhargav Gopal, Xiangru Li and Luke Rawling

The Impact of Noncompetes on Wages and Job Tenure: New Evidence from NLSY Data pp. 273-277

Tristan Potter, André Kurmann and Bart Hobijn

Measuring the Growth of Skills pp. 278-283

James Heckman, Haihan Tian, Zijian Zhang and Jin Zhou

How Universal Preschool Shapes Boys’ and Girls’ Outcomes in Poor and Better-Off Households: Evidence from Mexico pp. 284-288

Jere R. Behrman, Susan W. Parker, Petra E. Todd and Weilong Zhang

Refining the Definition of the Unbanked pp. 289-293

Elena Falcettoni and Vegard M. Nygaard

Who Remains Unbanked in the United States and Why? pp. 294-298

Paul Calem, Christopher Henderson and Jenna Wang

Beyond Banks: Trust among the Financially Underserved pp. 299-304

Paola Boel, Daniela Puzzello and Peter Zimmerman

Defining Households That Are Underserved in Digital Payment Services pp. 305-308

Claire Greene, Fumiko Hayashi, Alicia Lloro, Oz Shy, Joanna Stavins and Ying Lei Toh

SNAP Work Requirements, Administrative Burden, and Procedural Denials pp. 309-313

Jason Cook, Elizabeth Cox and Chloe N. East

Who Participates in TANF? Variation by Exposure to Work Requirements pp. 314-319

Katherine Richard and Lea Bart

How Do State Child Tax Credits Affect Employment and Poverty? pp. 320-325

Matthew Unrath, Nathan Tollett, Jacob Goldin, Tatiana Homonoff, Neel Lal and Katherine Michelmore

A Tale of Two States: Reconciling Medicaid Work Requirement Enrollment Impacts in Georgia and Arkansas pp. 326-330

Morgan Henderson, Laura Spicer and Alice Middleton

Birthright Citizenship and Youth Crime pp. 331-336

Leander Andres, Stefan Bauernschuster, Gordon B. Dahl, Helmut Rainer and Simone Schüller

The Birth of Mass Unauthorized Immigration in the United States pp. 337-343

Elizabeth U. Cascio, Ethan G. Lewis and Aryen Shrestha

Unlocking Occupational Opportunity: The Labor Market Effects of DACA pp. 344-350

Aimee Chin, Kalena E. Cortes and Camila Morales

OPT Reforms and the Relative Supply of STEM Skills pp. 351-355

Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes and Kevin Shih

Do Embedded Supports Promote Engaged Learning? Experimental Evidence on Resource Use among Community College Students pp. 356-361

Kelli A. Bird and Benjamin L. Castleman

School’s in for Summer? The Effect of Encouraging Summer Community College Enrollment pp. 362-366

Scott E. Carrell, Michal Kurlaender, Paco Martorell and Christina Sun

When Intensity Meets Modality: The Effects of Condensed Course Formats in Online and In-Person Instruction pp. 367-370

XunFei Li and Di Xu

Inducing Cross-Sector Enrollment for Community College Students through Burden Reduction pp. 371-375

Rachel Baker, Michael Hill, Gala Ledezma, Joshua Dorman, Loris Fagioli, Pablo Bezem, Michael Cooper and XunFei Li

Gatekeepers of Disparities: Variation in Prosecutors’ Effects on Racial Gaps in Incarceration pp. 376-381

Emma Harrington and Hannah Shaffer

Stop and Frisk around the Country pp. 382-387

David S. Abrams and Priyanka Goonetilleke

Reform Prosecutors and the Footprint of the Criminal Justice System pp. 388-392

Amanda Agan, Jennifer L. Doleac, Anna Harvey, Anna Kyriazis and Lauren Schechter

Race, Ethnicity, and Nonpayment of Unemployment Insurance: The Role of the Employer pp. 393-399

Marta Lachowska and Stephen A. Woodbury

Race, Firm Size, and the School-to-Work Transition pp. 400-405

Lisa B. Kahn and Yang Chang

Black-White Gaps in Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance pp. 406-411

Helen Levy

Understanding Students’ Expected Earnings Beliefs after College at an HBCU pp. 412-416

Gerald Daniels, Damon Jones, Lesley J. Turner and Brianna Youngblood

Does Lowering Entry Costs to Economics for Underrepresented Students Affect Outcomes? Preliminary Experimental Evidence pp. 417-421

Jesse Buchsbaum, Michael Greenstone and Olga Rostapshova

Belief Updating, Observability, and Race in the Labor Market pp. 422-425

Anna Gifty Opoku-Agyeman and Emma Rackstraw

Competitive Bank Liability Design pp. 426-432

Saki Bigio, Pierre-Olivier Weill and Diego Zúñiga

Payment Risk and Bank Liquidity Management pp. 433-438

Ye Li and Yi Li

What Drives Money Competition: Comparative Advantage in Payments versus Reserves pp. 439-445

Itay Goldstein, Ming Yang and Yao Zeng

Quality Adjustment in Industry Deflators Strengthens Estimated Innovation-Productivity Relationships pp. 446-451

Enghin Atalay, Ali Hortaçsu, Nicole Kimmel and Chad Syverson

The Mysterious Disappearance of Productivity Growth in US Manufacturing: Was It the China Shock? pp. 452-456

Robert J. Gordon and Kenneth Ryu

Markups and the Manufacturing Productivity Slowdown pp. 457-461

Benjamin Bridgman

The Productivity Paradox in US Manufacturing: A Firm- and Industry-Level Perspective pp. 462-468

Danial Lashkari and Jeremy Pearce

Leveraging Subjective Expectations for Production Functions pp. 469-474

Steve Bond, Agnes Norris Keiller, Áureo de Paula and John Van Reenen

Production Functions under Imperfect Competition: A Quality-Equivalent Cournot Model pp. 475-482

Daniel A. Ackerberg and Jan De Loecker

A Generalized Control Function Approach to Production Function Estimation pp. 483-489

Ulrich Doraszelski and Lixiong Li

Fintech and Customer Capital pp. 490-497

Bianca He, Lauren Mostrom and Amir Sufi

Producing Tangible and Intangible Capital pp. 498-503

Matthieu Gomez and Emilien Gouin-Bonenfant

R&D Uncertainty and Cycles pp. 504-509

Nicolas Crouzet and Janice Eberly

Climate Change and Long-Run Factor Shares pp. 510-516

Tianzi Liu, Ivan Rudik and Zebang Xu

Climate Policy and the Long-Run Interest Rate: Insights from a Simple Growth Model pp. 517-521

Gregory Casey, Stephie Fried and William B. Peterman

Some Macroeconomic Evidence on Substitution pp. 522-526

Gregory Casey, Yang Gao and Peter K. Kruse-Andersen

Natural Disaster Expectations and Household Adaptation pp. 527-531

Shifrah Aron-Dine

Quasilinearity and Its Discontents: Public-Good Regulation with Consumer Risk Aversion and Income Effects pp. 532-537

Edward E. Schlee

Institutional Design for Environmental Acts pp. 538-543

Louise Guillouet and David Martimort

The Informational Role of Emission Markets: Prices versus Quantities with Dispersed Information about Externalities pp. 544-550

Derek Lemoine

Quality-Adjusted Unit Value Index: Are Changes in Average Prices Inflation or Quality Change? pp. 551-555

John Haltiwanger, R. Benjamin Rodriguez, Ron Jarmin and Matthew D. Shapiro

When Do Chained Deflators for IT Goods Overstate Quality Change? pp. 556-561

Ana Aizcorbe and Daniel Ripperger-Suhler

Look Within: Demographic Grouping Masks Inflation Inequality pp. 562-567

Kelsey O’Flaherty

Lack of Uniform Prices or Lack of Uniform Retailers? pp. 568-572

Seula Kim and Michael A. Navarrete

Hormone Therapy Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Running Away among Transgender Adolescents pp. 573-577

Travis Campbell and Yana van der Meulen Rodgers

Men’s Classified Ads and Risky Health Behaviors pp. 578-583

Hasan Shahid

Prejudice in Sub-Saharan Africa: (Why) Is Homophobia Different? pp. 584-588

Jon Denton-Schneider and Teevrat Garg

Health and Sociocultural Disparities by Sex Characteristics in Chile pp. 589-593

Ercio Muñoz, Melanie Saavedra and Dario Sansone

Who Is Biased? Heterogeneity in Gender Bias in Evaluations pp. 594-598

Stephanie El Khoury

Recent Trends in Labor Supply Decisions among Married Couples in the United States pp. 599-604

Seonyoung Park and Nicole B. Simpson

Beyond Time and Money: Parental Occupation and Early Childhood Development pp. 605-610

Hyun Soo Suh

Digital Incentives in Surveys: Response Rates and Sociodemographic Effects in a Large-Scale Parental Nudge Intervention pp. 611-617

Kalena E. Cortes, Brian Holzman, Melissa Gentry and Miranda Lambert

The Harder They Fall: Diverging Black-White Wealth in Older Age Using the Health and Retirement Study pp. 618-623

Teegawende H. Zeida, William A. Darity, Samuel L. Myers and Illenin O. Kondo

Asian “Chilling Effect” during the Pandemic: What Can We Learn from Reported Health Status? pp. 624-629

Abdihafit Shaeye and Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere

Social Security and Retirement of Older Blacks and Hispanics pp. 630-634

Emma Aguila and Zeewan Lee

Organizing Production across Borders in a Time of Uncertainty pp. 635-639

Laura Alfaro, Anusha Chari and Haruka Takayama

The Power of Anecdotes pp. 640-645

Arjada Bardhi and Nina Bobkova

From Ports to Prices: The Inflationary Effects of Global Supply Chain Disruptions pp. 646-651

Yang Jiao, Ting Lan, Yang Liu and Xinrui Zhou

Improved Market Access and Indigenous Land Loss: Evidence from the Nineteenth-Century US Railroad Expansion pp. 652-657

Jeff Chan, Azim Essaji and Rob Gillezeau

Black-White Differences in Income Tax Liability pp. 658-663

William Gale, Oliver Hall and John Sabelhaus

The Impact of Immigration Policies on Reentry Rates among Deportees pp. 664-669

Eunsik Chang, Heriberto Gonzalez-Lozano and Sandra Orozco-Aleman

Resilient Finance, Stratified Costs: Unmasking Racial Disparities in Disaster-Induced Bank Closures pp. 670-678

Isaac Marcelin, Wei Sun and Gaye-Del Lo

Student Representation in Undergraduate Economics: The Impact of STEM Designation pp. 679-685

Anthony Underwood, Emily C. Marshall and Eren Bilen

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Economics Courses pp. 686-691

Laura J. Ahlstrom, Carlos J. Asarta and Cynthia Harter

Is More Better? Evaluating Interventions to Increase Female Students’ Interest in Economics pp. 692-696

Ann L. Owen, Evelyn Skoy and Wei Zhan

Improving Introductory Microeconomics Outcomes through Concurrent Support Courses pp. 697-702

George Orlov and Douglas McKee

Minutes of the Annual Business Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, January 3, 2026 pp. 705-707

Peter L. Rousseau

Report of the Secretary pp. 708-713

Peter L. Rousseau

Report of the Treasurer pp. 714-719

Peter L. Rousseau

American Economic Association 2025–2026 Universal Academic Questionnaire Summary Statistics pp. 720-723

John J. Siegfried, Elizabeth Braunstein and Ryan Kustaborder

Note from the AEA Secretary-Treasurer about the Proceedings Supplement pp. 724-724

Peter L. Rousseau

Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee via Zoom, April 18, 2025 pp. 725-731

Peter L. Rousseau

Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee, Philadelphia, PA, January 2, 2026 pp. 732-741

Peter L. Rousseau

Report of the Editor, American Economic Review pp. 742-760

Erzo F.P. Luttmer

Report of the Editor, American Economic Review: Insights pp. 761-769

Matthew Gentzkow

Report of the Editor, Journal of Economic Literature pp. 770-776

David Romer

Report of the Editor, Journal of Economic Perspectives pp. 777-779

Heidi Williams

Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics pp. 780-789

Benjamin Olken

Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy pp. 790-800

C. Kirabo Jackson

Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics pp. 801-809

Ayşegül Şahin

Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Microeconomics pp. 810-817

Navin Kartik

Report of the Director, Job Openings for Economists pp. 822-824

John J. Siegfried

Report of the Committee on Economic Education pp. 825-830

Tisha L. N. Emerson

Report of the Committee on Economic Statistics pp. 831-834

Karen Dynan

Report of the Committee on Government Relations pp. 835-837

Kenneth Troske

Report of the Committee on the Job Market pp. 838-841

John Cawley

Report of the Committee on the Status of LGBTQ+ Individuals in the Economics Profession pp. 842-843

Lee Badgett and Kitt Carpenter

Report of the Committee on the Status of Minority Groups in the Economics Profession pp. 844-865

Vicki Bogan and Jose M. Fernandez

Report of the Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession pp. 866-889

Linda Tesar

Report of the AEA Data Editor pp. 890-904

Lars Vilhuber

Report of the Oversight Committee for Registry of Randomized Controlled Trials pp. 906-909

Lars Vilhuber

Report of the Search Committee for the Editor for the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics pp. 916-916

Heather Royer