Details about Mark Schaffer

Access statistics for papers by Mark Schaffer.

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Short-id: psc51

Working Papers

2012

1. Instrumental variables estimation using heteroskedasticity-based instruments
   United Kingdom Stata Users' Group Meetings 2012, Stata Users Group
2. Soviet power plus electrification: What is the long-run legacy of communism?
   Open Access publications from University of Toulouse 1 Capitole, University of Toulouse 1 Capitole
   Also in Working Papers, Macerata University, Department of Studies on Economic Development (DiSSE) (2012)
   CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2012)
   See also Journal Article in Explorations in Economic History (2013)
3. The Business Environment in the Transition
   CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo Group Munich
4. Understanding the business environment in South Asia: evidence from firm-level surveys
   Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank

2011

5. Evaluating one-way and two-way cluster–robust covariance matrix estimates
   German Stata Users' Group Meetings 2011, Stata Users Group
   Also in BOS10 Stata Conference, Stata Users Group (2010) View citations (1)
   United Kingdom Stata Users' Group Meetings 2010, Stata Users Group (2010)

2010

6. A Framework for Cross-Country Comparisons of Public Infrastructure Constraints on Firm Growth
   CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (2)
7. Using Stata for Applied Research: Reviewing its Capabilities
   Boston College Working Papers in Economics, Boston College Department of Economics
   See also Journal Article in Journal of Economic Surveys (2011)

2009

8. Convergence in institutions and market outcomes: cross-country and time-series evidence from the business environment and enterprise performance surveys in transition economies
   Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank View citations (2)
9. Implementing econometric estimators with Mata
   DC09 Stata Conference, Stata Users Group
   Also in United Kingdom Stata Users' Group Meetings 2009, Stata Users Group (2009)

2008

10. Convergence in Institutions and Market Outcomes: Cross-Country and Time-Series Evidence from the BEEPS Surveys in Transition Economies
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) View citations (2)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2008) View citations (2)
    Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research (2008) View citations (2)
11. Estimating the Causal Effect of Gun Prevalence on Homicide Rates: A Local Average Treatment Effect Approach
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
12. Wage Policies of a Russian Firm and the Financial Crisis of 1998: Evidence from Personnel Data - 1997 to 2002
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (2)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2008)
    ESCIRRU Working Papers, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research (2008) View citations (1)
    Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research (2008)
    Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna (2008)
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) (2008)

2007

13. Clustered standard errors in Stata
    United Kingdom Stata Users' Group Meetings 2007, Stata Users Group View citations (8)
14. Enhanced routines for instrumental variables/GMM estimation and testing
    Boston College Working Papers in Economics, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (34)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2007) View citations (53)
15. Wage Determination and Wage Inequality Inside a Russian Firm in Late Transition: Evidence from Personnel Data – 1997 to 2002
    ESCIRRU Working Papers, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research
    Also in Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna (2007) View citations (2)
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2007)
    Open Access publications from Maastricht University, Maastricht University (2007)
16. Where Are the Real Bottlenecks? Evidence from 20,000 Firms in 60 Countries about the Shadow Costs of Constraints to Firm Performance
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
    Also in CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2006) View citations (2)

2006

17. Where are the Real Bottlenecks? A Lagrangian Approach to Identifying Constraints on Growth from Subjective Survey Data
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (14)

2005

18. Gun Prevalence, Homicide Rates and Causality: A GMM Approach to Endogeneity Bias
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (1)
19. Productivity, Ownership and the Investment Climate: International Lessons for Priorities in Serbia
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (3)
    Also in Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank (2005) View citations (3)

2004

20. A Minimum of Rivalry: Evidence from Transition Economies on the Importance of Competition for Innovation and Growth
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (10)
    Also in IDEI Working Papers, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse (2004) View citations (21)
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2004) View citations (7)
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan (2004) View citations (9)
    See also Journal Article in The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy (2004)
21. The Great Transformation: Russia's Return to the World Economy
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University

2003

22. Benchmarking Structural Change in Transition
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (7)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2003) View citations (7)
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) (2003) View citations (7)
    Working Papers, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Office of the Chief Economist (2003) View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article in Structural Change and Economic Dynamics (2004)
23. Competition, restructuring and firm performance: evidence of an inverted-U relationship from a cross-country survey of firms in transition economies
    Open Access publications from University College London, University College London View citations (3)
24. Infrastructure, Competition and Innovation: New Survey Evidence from Transition
    IDEI Working Papers, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse
25. Instrumental variables and GMM: Estimation and testing
    Boston College Working Papers in Economics, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (250)
    Also in North American Stata Users' Group Meetings 2003, Stata Users Group (2002) View citations (18)
    United Kingdom Stata Users' Group Meetings 2003, Stata Users Group (2002) View citations (96)
    See also Journal Article in Stata Journal (2003)

2002

26. Budget Softness and the Russian Enterprise Sector: An Econometric Study
    Working Papers, National University of Ireland Galway, Department of Economics
27. Competition, Innovation and Growth in Transition: Exploring the Interactions between Policies
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (13)
28. The Determinants of Privatized Enterprise Performance in Russia
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (14)
    Also in William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan (2001) View citations (4)

2001

29. Competition and Enterprise Performance in Transition Economies from a Cross-Country Survey
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University
30. Competition and Enterprise Performance in Transition Economies: Evidence from a Cross-country Survey
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (57)
    Also in Working Papers, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Office of the Chief Economist (2001) View citations (45)
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2001) View citations (44)
31. Effective versus statutory taxation: measuring effective tax administration in transition economies
    Working Papers, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Office of the Chief Economist View citations (4)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (2000) View citations (3)
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan (2000) View citations (10)

2000

32. Barter and Non-Monetary Transactions in Transition Economies: Evidence from a Cross-Country Survey
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (12)
    Also in Open Access publications from University of Toulouse 1 Capitole, University of Toulouse 1 Capitole (2000) View citations (12)
    Working Papers, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Office of the Chief Economist (2000) View citations (13)
33. Barter and non-monetary transactions in transition countries: evidence from a cross-country survey
    Open Access publications from University College London, University College London View citations (2)
34. Wage Determination in Russia: An Econometric Investigation
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (9)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) (2000) View citations (9)
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (1999) View citations (6)

1999

35. Determinants of Enterprise Performance during Transition
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (32)
36. Measuring Progress in Transition and Towards EU Accession: A Comparison of Manufacturing Firms in Poland, Romania, and Spain
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (4)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (1999) View citations (8)
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Common Market Studies (2000)
37. Revisiting Hungary's Bankruptcy Episode
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (2)
    Also in CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University (1999) View citations (10)

1998

38. Financial Discipline in the Enterprise Sector in Transition Countries: How Does China Compare?
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (5)
    Also in William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan (1998) View citations (3)

1997

39. Do Firms in Transition Economies have Soft Budget Constraints? A Reconsideration of the Concepts and Evidence
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (1)

1996

40. "Arrears" in the Russian Enterprise Sector
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (34)
41. Firms, Banks and Credit in Russia
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (5)
42. Job Creation and Job Destruction in a Transition Economy: Ownership
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (5)
43. Job Creation and Job Destruction in a Transition Economy: Ownership, Firm Size
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (29)
44. The Capital Structure of Firms in Central and Eastern Europe
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (38)
    Also in DELTA Working Papers, DELTA (Ecole normale supérieure) (1996) View citations (24)
45. The Performance of De Novo Private Firms in Russian Manufacturing
    CERT Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University View citations (26)

1995

46. Banks, Firms, Bad Debts and Bankruptcy in Hungary 1991-4
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (1)
47. Enterprise Adjustment in Poland: Evidence from a Survey of 200 Private
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (10)
48. Government Subsidies to Enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe: Budgetary Subsidies and Tax Arrears
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers View citations (9)
49. The Provision of Social Benefits in State Owned
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (1)

1994

50. Government Financial Transfers and Enterprise Adjustments in Russia
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE

1993

51. The enterprise sector and emergence of the Polish fiscal crisis, 1990-91
    Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank

1992

52. The Economy of Poland
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE

1991

53. A Note in the Polish State-Owned Enterprise Sector in 1990
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE

1990

54. A New Method of Long-Run Growth Accounting with Applications to the Soviet Economy 1928-87 and the US Economy 1949-78
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE

Journal Articles

2013

1. Soviet power plus electrification: What is the long-run legacy of communism?
   Explorations in Economic History, 2013, 50, (1), 116-147
   See also Working Paper (2012)

2012

2. Economic development and the demand for energy: A historical perspective on the next 20 years
   Energy Policy, 2012, 50, (C), 109-116

2011

3. USING STATA FOR APPLIED RESEARCH: REVIEWING ITS CAPABILITIES
   Journal of Economic Surveys, 2011, 25, (2), 380-394
   See also Working Paper (2010)

2007

4. Enhanced routines for instrumental variables/generalized method of moments estimation and testing
   Stata Journal, 2007, 7, (4), 465-506 View citations (39)

2004

5. A Minimum of Rivalry: Evidence from Transition Economies on the Importance of Competition for Innovation and Growth
   The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2004, contributions.3, (1), 17 View citations (18)
   See also Working Paper (2004)
6. Benchmarking structural change in transition
   Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2004, 15, (1), 47-81 View citations (18)
   See also Working Paper (2003)

2003

7. Instrumental variables and GMM: Estimation and testing
   Stata Journal, 2003, 3, (1), 1-31 View citations (247)
   See also Working Paper (2003)

2000

8. Measuring Progress in Transition and Towards EU Accession: A Comparison of Manufacturing Firms in Poland, Romania and Spain
   Journal of Common Market Studies, 2000, 38, (5), 699-728 View citations (3)
   See also Working Paper (1999)

1998

9. Do Firms in Transition Economies Have Soft Budget Constraints? A Reconsideration of Concepts and Evidence
   Journal of Comparative Economics, 1998, 26, (1), 80-103 View citations (62)

1996

10. Job creation and job destruction in a transition economy: Ownership, firm size, and gross job flows in Polish manufacturing 1988-1991
    Labour Economics, 1996, 3, (3), 299-317 View citations (8)

1995

11. Productivity, Employment and Labor Demand in Polish Industry in the 1980s: Some Preliminary Results from Enterprise-Level Data
    Economic Change and Restructuring, 1995, 28, (1), 1-27 View citations (2)
12. Round table on "Divestiture of social services from state-owned enterprises"
    The Economics of Transition, 1995, 3, (2), 247-250

1994

13. Government financial transfers and enterprise adjustments in Russia, with comparisons to Central and Eastern Europe
    The Economics of Transition, 1994, 2, (2), 151-188 View citations (4)

1992

14. The Polish State-Owned Enterprise Sector and the Recession in 1990&ast
    Comparative Economic Studies, 1992, 34, (1), 58-85

1989

15. Are profit-maximisers the best survivors?: A Darwinian model of economic natural selection
    Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 1989, 12, (1), 29-45 View citations (12)
16. The credible-commitment problem in the center-enterprise relationship
    Journal of Comparative Economics, 1989, 13, (3), 359-382 View citations (15)

Software Items

2013

1. IVREG2: Stata module for extended instrumental variables/2SLS and GMM estimation
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (53)
2. RANKTEST: Stata module to test the rank of a matrix using the Kleibergen-Paap rk statistic
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (6)

2012

3. EGRANGER: Stata module to perform Engle-Granger cointegration tests and 2-step ECM estimation
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics
4. IVREG2H: Stata module to perform instrumental variables estimation using heteroskedasticity-based instruments
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics
5. XTIVREG28: Stata module to perform extended IV/2SLS, GMM and AC/HAC, LIML and k-class regression for panel data models (version 8)
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics
6. XTIVREG2: Stata module to perform extended IV/2SLS, GMM and AC/HAC, LIML and k-class regression for panel data models
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (8)

2011

7. IVREG28: Stata module for extended instrumental variables/2SLS and GMM estimation (v8)
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (3)
8. IVREG29: Stata module for extended instrumental variables/2SLS and GMM estimation (v9)
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (3)
9. XTOVERID: Stata module to calculate tests of overidentifying restrictions after xtreg, xtivreg, xtivreg2, xthtaylor
   Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (5)

2010

10. IVHETTEST: Stata module to perform Pagan-Hall and related heteroskedasticity tests after IV
    Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics
11. OVERID: Stata module to calculate tests of overidentifying restrictions after ivreg, ivreg2, ivreg29, ivprobit, ivtobit, reg3
    Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (8)

2007

12. IVACTEST: Stata module to perform Cumby-Huizinga test for autocorrelation after IV/OLS estimation
    Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics
13. IVENDOG: Stata module to calculate Durbin-Wu-Hausman endogeneity test after ivreg
    Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics View citations (1)
14. IVRESET: Stata module to perform Ramsey/Pesaran-Taylor/Pagan-Hall RESET specification test after IV/GMM/OLS estimation
    Statistical Software Components, Boston College Department of Economics