The Effects of Monetary Policy on Cross-Border Banking between China and Hong Kong

Lorenzo Garlanda-Longueville

No 2025-16, EconomiX Working Papers from University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX

Abstract: Hong Kong has been China’s largest net banking creditor from 2009 to 2023, with an important decline starting in 2015. This paper presents an explanation for this decline and assess the impact of Chinese and US monetary policy on international positions between China and Hong Kong during this period, using a local projection approach. Our results indicate that a large part of the decline in the level of outstanding amounts can be attributed to the People’s Bank of China’s (PBoC) accommodative monetary policy and its direct consequence: the narrowing of the spread between Chinese interest rates and those of advanced countries. We explain this development by yield-seeking behavior on the part of international banks resident in Hong Kong. In line with recent literature on the transmission of Chinese monetary policy, we show that the PBoC now operates fully within a market interest rate logic and no longer through purely quantitative instruments (quotas, credit controls and reserve requirements). Finally, our results indicate that the effect of Chinese monetary policy on Hong Kong’s international banking assets is stronger than that of Fed policy, despite the currency peg to the dollar.

Keywords: International Banking; Hong Kong; China; Monetary Policy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E52 F34 G21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 26 pages
Date: 2025
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