Germany: Selected Issues

International Monetary Fund

No 2019/214, IMF Staff Country Reports from International Monetary Fund

Abstract: This Selected Issues paper explores wealth inequality and private savings in Germany. Trends in increasing corporate profits and gross savings have widened top income inequality, as corporations are typically owned by households in the top of the wealth distribution. The impact on income inequality is more pronounced in countries where the rise in profitability was a result of lower wage growth and labor income shares to start with, as was the case in Germany. The evidence strongly suggests this is not the case and underscores the important role of German business wealth concentration in this context. As high corporate savings and underlying profits largely reflect capital income accruing to wealthy households and increasingly retained in closely-held firms, the build-up of external imbalance has been accompanied by widening top income inequality, rising private savings and compressed consumption rates. The concentration of privately held and publicly listed firm ownership in the hands of industrial dynasties and institutional investors is especially prevalent in Germany, possibly reflecting distortions in firm entry, financing conditions and tax incentives.

Keywords: ISCR; CR; net; wealth inequality; accelerated depreciation; inequality loop; social security contribution rate; saving rate; labor tax wedge; Income inequality; Income; Corporate income tax; Income distribution; Private savings; Global; Europe; Eastern Europe (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 49
Date: 2019-07-10
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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