Details about Karen B. Clay

Homepage:	https://karenclay.org/
Workplace:	H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management, Carnegie Mellon University, (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Karen B. Clay.

Last updated 2023-12-05. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: pcl25

---

Jump to Journal Articles Books Chapters

Working Papers

2025

1. The Hidden Toll of Airborne Lead: Infant Mortality Impacts of Industrial Lead Pollution
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

2023

2. Energy and the Environment in Economic History
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
3. The Historical Impact of Coal on Cities
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
   Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2023) View citations (1)
4. The Impact of Lead Exposure on Fertility, Infant Mortality, and Infant Birth Outcomes
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
   Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2023)

2021

5. Does LEED Certification Save Energy? Evidence from Federal Buildings
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (1)
6. Does LEED Certification Save Energy? Evidence from Retrofitted Federal Buildings
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
   See also Journal Article Does LEED certification save energy? Evidence from retrofitted federal buildings, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier (2023) View citations (2) (2023)
7. Impacts of the Clean Air Act on the Power Sector from 1938-1994: Anticipation and Adaptation
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
   Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2021) View citations (3)

2020

8. Early Life Shocks, Market Adjustments, and Black-White Inequality
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
9. The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and its Lessons for COVID-19
   Working Papers, The George Washington University, Institute for International Economic Policy View citations (22)
   Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2020) View citations (25)
   See also Journal Article The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Lessons for COVID-19, Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association (2022) View citations (13) (2022)
10. The Value of Health Insurance during a Crisis: Effects of Medicaid Implementation on Pandemic Influenza Mortality
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (5)
    Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2020) View citations (5)

2019

11. Controlling Tuberculosis? Evidence from the First Community-Wide Health Experiment
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
    See also Journal Article Controlling tuberculosis? Evidence from the first community-wide health experiment, Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier (2020) View citations (8) (2020)
12. Recent Increases in Air Pollution: Evidence and Implications for Mortality
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Recent Increases in Air Pollution: Evidence and Implications for Mortality, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, University of Chicago Press (2021) View citations (7) (2021)
13. The Legacy Lead Deposition in Soils and Its Impact on Cognitive Function in Preschool-Aged Children in the United States
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article The legacy lead deposition in soils and its impact on cognitive function in preschool-aged children in the United States, Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier (2019) (2019)
14. What Explains Cross-City Variation in Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic? Evidence from 438 U.S. Cities
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (37)
    See also Journal Article What explains cross-city variation in mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic? Evidence from 438 U.S. cities, Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier (2019) View citations (39) (2019)

2018

15. Controlling Tuberculosis? Evidence from the Mother of all Community-Wide Health Experiments
    Discussion Papers, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics View citations (1)
16. The Short-Run and Long-Run Effects of Resources on Economic Outcomes: Evidence From the United States 1936-2015
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
17. Toxic Truth: Lead and Fertility
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (9)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2018) View citations (8)
    See also Journal Article Toxic Truth: Lead and Fertility, Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press (2021) View citations (2) (2021)

2017

18. The External Costs of Transporting Petroleum Products by Pipelines and Rail: Evidence From Shipments of Crude Oil from North Dakota
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (4)
19. The Rise and Fall of Pellagra in the American South
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
    See also Journal Article The Rise and Fall of Pellagra in the American South, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press (2019) View citations (6) (2019)

2016

20. Canary in a Coal Mine: Infant Mortality, Property Values, and Tradeoffs Associated with Mid-20th Century Air Pollution
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (39)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2016) View citations (33)
21. Laws, Educational Outcomes, and Returns to Schooling: Evidence from the Full Count 1940 Census
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (6)

2015

22. Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (3)
    Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2013) View citations (34)
23. Convergence in Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from High Temperatures and Mortality, 1900–2004
    University of California at Santa Barbara, Recent Works in Economics, Department of Economics, UC Santa Barbara View citations (32)
    Also in Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley (2015) View citations (25)
    See also Journal Article Convergence in Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from High Temperatures and Mortality, 1900-2004, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (2015) View citations (42) (2015)
24. Pollution, Infectious Disease, and Mortality: Evidence from the 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (8)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2015) View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Pollution, Infectious Disease, and Mortality: Evidence from the 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press (2018) View citations (75) (2018)

2014

25. Coal, Smoke, and Death: Bituminous Coal and American Home Heating
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (24)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2014) View citations (24)

2012

26. Do Schooling Laws Matter? Evidence from the Introduction of Compulsory Attendance Laws in the United States
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (25)

2010

27. Did Frederick Brodie Discover the World's First Environmental Kuznets Curve? Coal Smoke and the Rise and Fall of the London Fog
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (2)
    See also Chapter Did Frederick Brodie Discover the World's First Environmental Kuznets Curve? Coal Smoke and the Rise and Fall of the London Fog, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2011) View citations (17) (2011)
28. Lead and Mortality
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (10)
    See also Journal Article Lead and Mortality, The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press (2014) View citations (18) (2014)

2006

29. Deprivation and Disease in Early Twentieth-Century America
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
30. Lead Pipes and Child Mortality
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
31. Price Discrimination with Experience Goods: a Structural Econometric Analysis
    2006 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics View citations (1)
32. Tariff Choice with Consumer Learning: Sorting-Induced Biases and Illusive Surplus
    GSIA Working Papers, Carnegie Mellon University, Tepper School of Business View citations (2)

2004

33. Order Without Law? Property Rights During the California Gold Rush
    Discussion Papers, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research
    See also Journal Article Order without law? Property rights during the California gold rush, Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier (2005) View citations (35) (2005)

2003

34. Initial Conditions, Institutional Dynamics and Economic Performance: Evidence from the American States
    William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan View citations (11)
    Also in American Law & Economics Association Annual Meetings, American Law & Economics Association View citations (7)

2001

35. Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (144)
    See also Chapter Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2001) View citations (144) (2001)
    Journal Article Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell (2001) View citations (138) (2001)

Journal Articles

2023

1. Does LEED certification save energy? Evidence from retrofitted federal buildings
   Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2023, 121, (C) View citations (2)
   See also Working Paper Does LEED Certification Save Energy? Evidence from Retrofitted Federal Buildings, NBER Working Papers (2021) View citations (1) (2021)

2022

2. The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Lessons for COVID-19
   Journal of Economic Literature, 2022, 60, (1), 41-84 View citations (13)
   See also Working Paper The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and its Lessons for COVID-19, Working Papers (2020) View citations (22) (2020)

2021

3. Laws, educational outcomes, and returns to schooling evidence from the first wave of U.S. state compulsory attendance laws
   Labour Economics, 2021, 68, (C) View citations (11)
4. Recent Increases in Air Pollution: Evidence and Implications for Mortality
   Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2021, 15, (1), 154 - 162 View citations (7)
   See also Working Paper Recent Increases in Air Pollution: Evidence and Implications for Mortality, NBER Working Papers (2019) View citations (1) (2019)
5. Toxic Truth: Lead and Fertility
   Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, 2021, 8, (5), 975 - 1012 View citations (2)
   See also Working Paper Toxic Truth: Lead and Fertility, NBER Working Papers (2018) View citations (9) (2018)

2020

6. Controlling tuberculosis? Evidence from the first community-wide health experiment
   Journal of Development Economics, 2020, 146, (C) View citations (8)
   See also Working Paper Controlling Tuberculosis? Evidence from the First Community-Wide Health Experiment, NBER Working Papers (2019) (2019)

2019

7. The Rise and Fall of Pellagra in the American South
   The Journal of Economic History, 2019, 79, (1), 32-62 View citations (6)
   See also Working Paper The Rise and Fall of Pellagra in the American South, NBER Working Papers (2017) (2017)
8. The legacy lead deposition in soils and its impact on cognitive function in preschool-aged children in the United States
   Economics & Human Biology, 2019, 33, (C), 181-192
   See also Working Paper The Legacy Lead Deposition in Soils and Its Impact on Cognitive Function in Preschool-Aged Children in the United States, IZA Discussion Papers (2019) View citations (1) (2019)
9. What explains cross-city variation in mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic? Evidence from 438 U.S. cities
   Economics & Human Biology, 2019, 35, (C), 42-50 View citations (39)
   See also Working Paper What Explains Cross-City Variation in Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic? Evidence from 438 U.S. Cities, IZA Discussion Papers (2019) View citations (37) (2019)

2018

10. Pollution, Infectious Disease, and Mortality: Evidence from the 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic
    The Journal of Economic History, 2018, 78, (4), 1179-1209 View citations (75)
    See also Working Paper Pollution, Infectious Disease, and Mortality: Evidence from the 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic, NBER Working Papers (2015) View citations (8) (2015)

2016

11. Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the US Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the Twentieth Century
    Journal of Political Economy, 2016, 124, (1), 105 - 159 View citations (325)

2015

12. Convergence in Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from High Temperatures and Mortality, 1900-2004
    American Economic Review, 2015, 105, (5), 247-51 View citations (42)
    See also Working Paper Convergence in Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from High Temperatures and Mortality, 1900–2004, University of California at Santa Barbara, Recent Works in Economics (2015) View citations (32) (2015)
13. Power to the People: Energy in Europe over the Last Five Centuries. By Astrid Kander, Paolo Malanima, and Paul Warde. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013. Pp. x, 457. $39.50
    The Journal of Economic History, 2015, 75, (3), 936-937

2014

14. Douglas W. Allen: The institutional revolution: measurement and the economic emergency of the modern world
    Public Choice, 2014, 158, (1), 281-283
15. Erratum to: Douglas W. Allen: The institutional revolution: measurement and the economic emergence of the modern world
    Public Choice, 2014, 159, (1), 299-299
16. Lead and Mortality
    The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2014, 96, (3), 458-470 View citations (18)
    See also Working Paper Lead and Mortality, NBER Working Papers (2010) View citations (10) (2010)

2013

17. The American National State and the Early West. By William H. Bergmann. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2012. Pp. x, 288. $90.00, hardcover
    The Journal of Economic History, 2013, 73, (3), 883-885

2011

18. Founding Choices: American Economic Policy in the 1790s. Edited by Douglas A. Irwin and Richard Sylla. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. Pp. ix, 352. $110.00, cloth; $35.00, paper
    The Journal of Economic History, 2011, 71, (4), 1124-1126 View citations (1)

2009

19. Scientists and Swindlers: Consulting on Coal and Oil in America, 1820-1890. By Paul Lucier. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008. Pp. xii, 426. $52.00, cloth
    The Journal of Economic History, 2009, 69, (3), 887-888

2008

20. Migrating to Riches? Evidence from the California Gold Rush
    The Journal of Economic History, 2008, 68, (4), 997-1027 View citations (20)

2006

21. The Effect of Judicial Independence on Courts: Evidence from the American States
    The Journal of Legal Studies, 2006, 35, (2), 399-440 View citations (32)

2005

22. Order without law? Property rights during the California gold rush
    Explorations in Economic History, 2005, 42, (2), 155-183 View citations (35)
    See also Working Paper Order Without Law? Property Rights During the California Gold Rush, Discussion Papers (2004) (2004)
23. The U.S. Brewing Industry: Data and Analysis. By Victor J. Tremblay and Carol Horton Tremblay. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2005. Pp. xv, 379. $40.00
    The Journal of Economic History, 2005, 65, (3), 876-878

2004

24. An Empirical Analysis of Network Externalities in Peer-to-Peer Music-Sharing Networks
    Information Systems Research, 2004, 15, (2), 155-174 View citations (49)

2003

25. Further Tests of Static Oligopoly Models: Whiskey, 1882–1898
    Journal of Industrial Economics, 2003, 51, (2), 151-166 View citations (25)

2002

26. Retail Strategies on the Web: Price and Non–price Competition in the Online Book Industry
    Journal of Industrial Economics, 2002, 50, (3), 351-367 View citations (63)
27. Strategic Behavior in Whiskey Distilling, 1887–1895
    The Journal of Economic History, 2002, 62, (4), 999-1023 View citations (3)

2001

28. Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry
    Journal of Industrial Economics, 2001, 49, (4), 521-539 View citations (138)
    See also Chapter Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, NBER Chapters, 2001, 521-539 (2001) View citations (144) (2001)
    Working Paper Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, NBER Working Papers (2001) View citations (144) (2001)

2000

29. Cultivating California: Growers, Specialty Crops, and Labor, 1875–1920. By David Vaught. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Pp. x, 280. $38.00
    The Journal of Economic History, 2000, 60, (4), 1160-1160
30. Trasure from the Painted Hills: A History of Calico, California, 1882–1907. By Douglas Steeples. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999. Pp. xix, 142. $49.95
    The Journal of Economic History, 2000, 60, (2), 579-580

1999

31. Property Rights and Institutions: Congress and the California Land Act 1851
    The Journal of Economic History, 1999, 59, (1), 122-142 View citations (9)

1997

32. Trade without Law: Private-Order Institutions in Mexican California
    The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 1997, 13, (1), 202-31 View citations (83)
33. Trade, Institutions, and Credit
    Explorations in Economic History, 1997, 34, (4), 495-521 View citations (10)

1994

34. A coasean general equilibrium model of regulation
    Journal of Public Economics, 1994, 53, (3), 459-475 View citations (2)

1992

35. Ex Post vs. Ex Ante Pricing: Optional Calling Plans and Tapered Tariffs
    Journal of Regulatory Economics, 1992, 4, (2), 115-38 View citations (32)

Books

2011

1. The Evolution of a Nation: How Geography and Law Shaped the American States
   Economics Books, Princeton University Press View citations (6)

Chapters

2011

1. Did Frederick Brodie Discover the World's First Environmental Kuznets Curve? Coal Smoke and the Rise and Fall of the London Fog
   A chapter in The Economics of Climate Change: Adaptations Past and Present, 2011, pp 281-309 View citations (17)
   See also Working Paper Did Frederick Brodie Discover the World's First Environmental Kuznets Curve? Coal Smoke and the Rise and Fall of the London Fog, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2010) View citations (2) (2010)
2. Introduction
   A chapter in The Evolution of a Nation: How Geography and Law Shaped the American States, 2011

2001

3. Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry
   A chapter in E-commerce, 2001, pp 521-539 View citations (144)
   See also Working Paper Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2001) View citations (144) (2001)
   Journal Article Prices and Price Dispersion on the Web: Evidence from the Online Book Industry, Wiley Blackwell (2001) View citations (138) (2001)