Development and validation of a scale for measuring social environmental support, survival skills, and subjective well-being among Chinese ethnic minority university students

Jili Meshage (), Jamsari Alias (), Mohd Mahzan Awang () and Wei Yang ()

International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 2025, vol. 8, issue 6, 2538-2548

Abstract: This study developed and validated a new set of questionnaires to measure social environmental support, survival skills, and subjective well-being among Chinese ethnic minority university students. The goal was to create a reliable and culturally specific instrument for evaluating these constructs. The research used a two-part process: An initial survey with 107 participants for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability tests. A second survey with 113 participants for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to confirm the model fit. The EFA confirmed a clear factor structure and led to the removal of eight items. The CFA demonstrated excellent model fit (χ2/df = 1.534; RMSEA = 0.048) and strong convergent validity (AVE > 0.50, CR > 0.70). The scales also showed high internal consistency, with Cronbach's α values all above 0.70. In conclusion, the validated scales are reliable and have strong psychometric properties, filling a research gap for culturally appropriate tools. These instruments can be reliably used in future studies and for practical applications in education, providing valuable support for understanding and improving student well-being.

Keywords: Confirmatory factor analysis; Exploratory factor analysis; Questionnaire development; Reliability; Social environmental support; Subjective well-being; Survival skills; Validity. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:aac:ijirss:v:8:y:2025:i:6:p:2538-2548:id:10137

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