DNA: Damage and Repair Mechanisms in Humans

Shrinivas Sudhir Ambekar, Shanta Shrisel Hattur and Prajakta Budha Bule
Additional contact information
Prajakta Budha Bule: Government College Of Pharmacy,Maharashtra India

Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017, vol. 3, issue 3, 58-66

Abstract: Carrier of genetic instructions used in development, functioning and reproduction of all leaving organisms is a macromolecule called DNA. Alteration in chemical structure of DNA is DNA damage. It is due to two types of factors-Endogenous and Exogenous. DNA impairment affects reproductive system, cardiovascular system, lymphatic system, Nervous system and causes cancer, ageing and various diseases. DNA is repaired by various ways such as Base Excision Repair (BER), Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), Mismatch Excision Repair (MMR) and Double Strand Break Repair (DSBR). BER mechanism is used when DNA is affected by reactive oxygen species, alkylating agents by oxidation or single strand break. This mechanism involves removal of base and then replacement. NER mechanism is used when DNA is affected by UV light and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by forming bulky adducts and intra-strand crosslink. This mechanism involves removal of DNA fragment and replacement. MMR mechanism is used when mismatch occurs within bases such as A-G pair and T-C pair. This acted by removal of strand followed by digestion and replacement. DSBR is another repair mechanism for damaged DNA by Homologous and Non-Homologous end joining. It includes unwinding, alignment and Ligation. In this Review we will study about DNA repair mechanisms and its consequences.

Keywords: juniper publishers:Journal of Pharmacy; Global Journal of Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Sciences; Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences; pharmaceutical sciences journals; omics online; open access; drug discovery; Clinical Trials; juniper publishers open access journals; juniper publishers reivew (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://juniperpublishers.com/gjpps/pdf/GJPPS.MS.ID.555613.pdf (application/pdf)
https://juniperpublishers.com/gjpps/GJPPS.MS.ID.555613.php (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:adp:jgjpps:v:3:y:2017:i:3:p:58-66

DOI: 10.19080/GJPPS.2017.03.555613

Access Statistics for this article

Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences is currently edited by Sophia Mathis

More articles in Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences from Juniper Publishers Inc.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Robert Thomas ().