The Welfare Economics of Default Options in 401(k) Plans

B. Douglas Bernheim, Andrey Fradkin and Igor Popov

American Economic Review, 2015, vol. 105, issue 9, 2798-2837

Abstract: Default contribution rates for 401(k) pension plans powerfully influence choices. Potential causes include opt-out costs, procrastination, inattention, and psychological anchoring. Using realistically parameterized models, we show how the optimal default, the magnitude of the welfare effects, and the degree of normative ambiguity depend on the behavioral model, the scope of the choice domain deemed welfare-relevant, the use of penalties for passive choice, and other 401(k) plan features. While results are theory-specific, our analysis provides reasonably robust justifications for setting the default either at the highest contribution rate matched by the employer or—contrary to common wisdom—at zero. (JEL D14, D91, J26, J32)

JEL-codes: D14 D91 J26 J32 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
Note: DOI: 10.1257/aer.20130907
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (61)

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Working Paper: The Welfare Economics of Default Options in 401(k) Plans (2011)
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