Manufacturing Energy Use in Eight OECD Countries: Trends through 1988

Richard Howarth (richard.howarth@dartmouth.edu) and Lee Schipper

The Energy Journal, 1991, vol. Volume 12, issue Number 4, 15-40

Abstract: This paper reviews the evolution of manufacturing energy use in eight industrialized nations: West Germany, Denmark, France, Japan, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Manufacturing energy use fell in these nations by 16% between 1973 and 1988 while manufacturing valueadded increased by 41%. Reduced energy intensities in six industry groups --paper and pulp; chemicals; stone, clay and glass; iron and steel; nonferrous metals; and other manufacturing -- were the primary source of this apparent decoupling of energy use and output. Between 1973 and 1988, intensity reductions would have driven down sectoral energy use by 32% if the level and composition of output had remained constant. Structural change, or shifts in the product mi, would have reduced energy use by 11% if the total level of output and the energy intensities of each industry group had remained constant.

JEL-codes: F0 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1991
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