Counter-Sanctions Measures of Iran and Venezuela to Overcome Restrictions on Oil Exports

Vladimir Nicolaevich Zhivalov and Valery Leonidovich Abramov
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Vladimir Nicolaevich Zhivalov: Russian Foreign Trade Academy, Moscow, Russia
Valery Leonidovich Abramov: Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

Russian Foreign Economic Journal, 2023, issue 12, 75-86

Abstract: The relevance of the article is determined by the unprecedented sanctions imposed against Russia by the United States, EU countries, and a number of other unfriendly countries, which have significantly changed the conditions for conducting foreign economic activity for Russian business entities. The article analyzes the counter-sanctions measures used by Iran and Venezuela, whose revenues from oil exports make up a large share of the state budget. The obtained results could be used in the practice of Russian companies to overcome sanctions restrictions.

Keywords: sanctions; counter-sanctions measures; export; import; foreign economic activity; state budget; Iran; Venezuela; USA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F10 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:alq:rufejo:rfej_2023_12_75-86

DOI: 10.24412/2072-8042-2023-12-75-86

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