Examined EKC Hypothesis in the Presence of Renewable & Nonrenewable Energy and Trade & Financial Developments for Pakistan

Anam Aziz () and Salah ud Din ()
Additional contact information
Anam Aziz: Department of Economics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Salah ud Din: Department of Econometrics and Statistics, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan.

iRASD Journal of Energy and Environment, 2020, vol. 1, issue 1, 14-25

Abstract: Most of the existing literature uses energy consumption to verify the effect of energy use on environmental degradation, but they fail to explore it. To achieve the revealed gap, the present study insists on the impact of the nonrenewable and renewable energy consumptions, financial development, trade liberalization & income on carbon dioxide (CO2) by using the environmental Kuznets curve theory. This study used Pakistan’s time series data for the time period of 1990 to 2018. This study used two famous unit root tests which are the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron (PP) test. Results confirm that RENERG has stationary at the level and NRENERG, CO2, GDP, GDP2, FINDEV, and TRD become stationary at first difference. Furthermore, ARDL bound test is used to analyze the model, the bound test indicates that there exists co-integration in the model and ARDL estimates the short and long-run estimates of the equation. The rise in renewable energy consumptions, economic developments, and trade openness reduces emanation of the carbon whereas the increase in renewable-energy consumption hints at carbon releases it also validates the EKC hypothesis in Pakistan. The study concludes that Pakistan’s government and regulatory authorities should initiate the programs by which they are aware of the public and citizens about the adoption of renewable energies and environmental protection levels.

Keywords: Renewable energy; Nonrenewable energy; Trade directness; CO2 emissions; ARDL (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://journals.internationalrasd.org/index.php/jee/article/view/492/236 (application/pdf)
https://journals.internationalrasd.org/index.php/jee/article/view/492 (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ani:irdjee:v:1:y:2020:i:1:p:14-25

DOI: 10.52131/jee.2020.0201.0002

Access Statistics for this article

More articles in iRASD Journal of Energy and Environment from International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD)
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Dr. Muhammad Atif Nawaz ().