Trading for Sustainable Development Goals: Trade Policy, Inequality and Poverty in Emerging Economies

Zhaohua Li, Mohammad Monirul Islam and Farha Fatema

International Journal of Asian Social Science, 2017, vol. 7, issue 10, 825-845

Abstract: The objective of the study is to identify the impact of trade policy on two significant goals of sustainable development namely poverty and income inequality in the emerging economies. Using trade openness and trade facilitation as a measure of trade policy the study examines their impact on Gini coefficient and average income of the poorest quintile as a proxy to income inequality and poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap at $1.90 per day (2011 PPP) as indicators of extreme poverty. It applies dynamic panel data model with panel datasets over the period of 1986-2013 for trade openness and 2005-2013 for trade facilitation on the emerging economies based on the availability of data. The findings of the study suggest that trade openness and trade facilitation as measures of trade policy significantly reduce the extreme poverty as measured by poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap at $1.90 a day and increase the average per capita income of the lowest 20% population of the emerging economics whereas the two measures of trade policy increase the income inequality in these economies.

Keywords: Trade policy; Sustainable development goals; Emerging economies; Inequality; Poverty. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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