Evaluating Eurozone Integration: Bulgaria’s Preparation and Lithuania’s Outcomes

Maria Kotseva-Tikova and Jaroslav Dvorak

Economic Studies journal, 2025, issue 4, 3-18

Abstract: The Eurozone represents a significant step in the economic and political integration of EU member states, currently comprising 20 countries, while 7 remain outside this currency union. The article highlights a comparative analysis of both Lithuania and Bulgaria focusing on their fulfillment of the Maastricht criteria and attitudes towards Eurozone membership. It also examines some ratios of real convergence, which are important for assessing economic readiness. Lithuania has successfully met the necessary economic preconditions to participate in the Eurozone – the Maastricht criteria, while Bulgaria, on the other hand, aspires to join the Eurozone but currently faces challenges in meeting these criteria. Lithuania’s economic indicators, including its GDP per capita PPS, could serve as a benchmark for Bulgaria's readiness for Eurozone membership. At present, Bulgaria is not prepared to adopt the euro, primarily due to its failure to meet the official criteria and its lagging progress in real convergence. This situation increases Bulgaria's vulnerability to economic shocks, underscoring the need for further economic development and alignment with Eurozone criteria before it can successfully join the currency union. Using Lithuania's economic levels as a benchmark is a reasonable approach, as it reflects the standards that have been deemed acceptable by the Eurozone's existing members, as well as Lithuania’s government. However, it is important to also consider other factors such as overall economic stability, fiscal health, and alignment with Eurozone policies and standards.

JEL-codes: P52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:bas:econst:y:2025:i:4:p:3-18

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