Anxiety and Stress as Correlates of Health Adjustment among Pre-Retirement Age Public Primary School Teachers in North-Eastern Nigeria

Ranyang Nyangwae Akafa, E.G. Egbe-Okpenge (Prof) and J. A. Ako (Prof)
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Ranyang Nyangwae Akafa: National Open University of Nigeria, Jalingo Study Centre, Taraba State, Nigeria
E.G. Egbe-Okpenge (Prof): Department of Educational Foundations and General Studies, Joseph Sarwuan Tarkaa University, Makurdi, Nigeria
J. A. Ako (Prof): Department of Educational Foundations and General Studies, Joseph Sarwuan Tarkaa University, Makurdi, Nigeria

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2023, vol. 7, issue 5, 26-36

Abstract: The study investigated how anxiety and stress correlates with health adjustment among pre-retirement age public primary school teachers in North-Eastern Nigeria. Three specific objectives with corresponding research questions guided the study and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a correlation research design. The population of the study was made up of 53,142 public primary school teachers in 10,173 schools in North Eastern, Nigeria. The sample size for the study was 397 public primary school teachers. The sample size was selected using proportionate stratified random sampling and convenience sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled “Anxiety, Stress and Health Adjustment Questionnaire (ASHAQ)†. The questionnaire was validated by five experts and its reliability was established using Cronbach Alpha method. The reliability coefficients were 0.65 for the anxiety scale, 0.72 for stress scale 0. 67 for health adjustment scale. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and Multiple Regression Analysis developed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings of the study revealed that anxiety and stress are negatively correlated with health adjustment among pre-retirement age public primary school teachers. Further, it was found that anxiety and stress significantly predict health adjustment of pre-retirement age public primary school teachers in North –Eastern Nigeria. The study concluded that anxiety and stress play significant roles in determining the health adjustment of pre-retirement age public primary school teachers. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that, Counsellors should adopt interventions like the Rational Emotive Therapy (REBT) to help teachers with anxiety issues who are finding it difficult to make social decisions that can have impact on their health lives during retirement. With this, they can learn to adopt social adaptive behaviours that will help them achieve desired health goals in retirement. Also, through the use of appropriate therapies like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), counsellors should help teachers who are stressed to regain themselves and make good retirement adjustment decisions regarding their health.

Date: 2023
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