Public, Private Partnerships Framework in the United Kingdom, China, and Oman: Theories and Motivations

Ali Siad Ali Al Kalbnai, Mohd Bahrin Bin Othman and Habibun Nisa Binti Mohamed Ajmal
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Ali Siad Ali Al Kalbnai: Faculty Of Law, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia
Mohd Bahrin Bin Othman: Faculty Of Law, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia
Habibun Nisa Binti Mohamed Ajmal: Faculty Of Law, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 15, 15-25

Abstract: This paper will explore Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects by focusing on two main aspects: the underlying theory of PPPs and the factors that encourage and drive their implementation [1]. In the first section, we will provide a thorough explanation of the theory behind Public-Private Partnerships, including an analysis of the legal framework that governs these initiatives and the essential requirements for their establishment. Following this, the paper will examine key factors influencing PPPs, featuring a comparative assessment of how these partnerships are managed in three distinct countries: the United Kingdom, China, and the Sultanate of Oman [4]. This comparative analysis will highlight both the similarities and differences in the governance of PPPs across these nations. The third section will delve into the practical application of Public-Private Partnerships in the Sultanate of Oman. A real-world case study will be presented to illustrate how PPPs are executed within this context [6]. By integrating both theoretical insights and practical examples, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the operation and functionality of Public-Private Partnerships. It will address critical elements of the PPP model and its application across various legal and economic systems [3]. Ultimately, the paper will offer valuable insights into the mechanics of Public-Private Partnerships, emphasizing legal frameworks, motivating factors, and specific case studies from the United Kingdom, China, and the Sultanate of Oman [8].

Date: 2025
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