Techno Feudalism and the New Global Power Struggle: Echoes of a Digital Cold War

Elgun Taghizade and Elchin Ahmadov
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Elgun Taghizade: Faculty of International Relations and Economics, Department of Diplomacy and Modern Integration Processes, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan – PhD
Elchin Ahmadov: Faculty of Political Sciences and Journalism, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland- Master’s degree

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 2, 1144-1170

Abstract: The 21st century has been one of great change in the global economic, political, and social landscapes, thanks to rapid technological advances—reshaping them all into a new techno-feudal order dominated by Big Tech. This paper presents an analysis techno-feudalism and the upcoming Cold War that is digital, where corporations’ control over digital infrastructure and data is reminiscent of medieval feudalism. These “digital lords†extend influence far beyond markets, challenging state sovereignty and transforming international relations. The paper focuses on the rapidly growing US-China rivalry in artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, big data, and 5G technology. It flags how these technologies are being weaponized against cyberattacks and economic disruptions, reconfiguring governance and global security. In contrast to the decentralized strategies of the US Big Tech, China’s centralized use of AI, as represented by its Social Credit System, has brought about fast changes in its technological development while affecting social norms and economic arrangements. The study adopted a mixed-method approach that includes qualitative and quantitative analyses, as well as case studies and the Delphi technique. The major findings explain how digital monopolies stifle competition, how cyber warfare could destabilize critical infrastructure, and to what extent Big Tech is increasingly affecting governmental policies and societal norms. Examples include ransomware attacks like the Colonial Pipeline incident and the WannaCry malware attack, pointing out vulnerabilities of the global digital infrastructure and associated economic consequences.

Date: 2025
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