Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Microlearning Requirements in Micro-Credentials

Fauziah Saadah Abdul Halim, Johan @ Eddy Luaran and Lee Sze Seau Jill
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Fauziah Saadah Abdul Halim: Akademi Pengajian Bahasa, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
Johan @ Eddy Luaran: Education Faculty, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
Lee Sze Seau Jill: Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Malaysia

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 3s, 2247-2275

Abstract: The study addresses the lack of a comprehensive questionnaire for designing effective micro-credential programs in Malaysian higher education. The study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to identify microlearning design requirements for micro-credentials. To achieve this, the questionnaire underwent validation through both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and quantitative analysis. The study involved 48 participants who were micro-credential developers from a public higher education institution in Malaysia. These participants represented various designations and were affiliated with 16 different faculties. A 70-item questionnaire, initially developed based on a review of Khan’s e-learning model was refined to 57 items by addressing overlaps and removing elements deemed inadequate. EFA identified 14 factors onto which 57 items exhibited high-loading, explaining 85.55% of the variance. The 57-item questionnaire demonstrated favourable multifaceted qualities. An expert panel confirmed the questionnaire’s content validity, identifying six significant dimensions: pedagogical, technological, evaluation, management, resources support, and institutional. These six main constructs provided a framework for understanding microlearning design requirements essential for developing effective micro-credentials. By addressing the multifaceted requirements of microlearning design, this questionnaire has the potential to enhance the overall quality and effectiveness of micro-credential programs in the Malaysian higher education landscape and beyond.

Date: 2025
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