The Political and Legal Interpretation of Speech: A Forensic Linguistic Analysis of Public Perception on the Statement “Who Are You to Take Photos of Me?â€

Dr. Lawrence Mwelwa and Marvin Chanda Mberi
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Dr. Lawrence Mwelwa: Kesmonds International University Department of Political Science
Marvin Chanda Mberi: Kesmonds International University Department of Political Science

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 4, 4859-4870

Abstract: This study investigates whether the statement made by a Zambian Member of Parliament—“Who are you to take photos of me?†—constitutes a criminal verbal threat or a politically misinterpreted expression of frustration. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative survey data with qualitative forensic linguistic and legal analysis. Public perception was examined through a survey of 140 participants, revealing that 78% interpreted the statement as a non-threatening emotional response. Forensic linguistic frameworks, including Speech Act Theory and contextual discourse analysis, were applied to determine the presence of threatening intent or coercive illocutionary force. Legal precedent and comparative dictionary definitions were also evaluated. Findings indicate that the MP’s statement lacks specificity, threat-related intent, and coercive language, thereby failing to meet both linguistic and legal thresholds for a prosecutable threat. Additionally, political affiliation was shown to significantly influence perception, suggesting that legal responses to political speech may be shaped more by ideology than objective standards. The study concludes that the MP’s prosecution reflects selective legal enforcement and raises concerns about the weaponization of speech laws in politically sensitive environments. These results underscore the importance of forensic linguistics in ensuring fair and unbiased interpretation of politically charged speech.

Date: 2025
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