Addressing Poverty Through Sustainable Development Goal 1: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Mohammad Zaki Bin Che Aat and Faridah Jaafar
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Mohammad Zaki Bin Che Aat: School Of Distance Education (SDE), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Faridah Jaafar: School Of Distance Education (SDE), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 4, 1690-1695

Abstract: Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1) aims to eradicate extreme poverty by 2030, yet persistent challenges such as inequality, climate change, and geopolitical instability threaten progress. This essay evaluates advancements in poverty reduction, identifies systemic barriers, and proposes actionable strategies to accelerate SDG 1. While global extreme poverty rates declined from 36% in 1990 to 8.4% in 2019, COVID-19, climate disasters, and structural inequalities have reversed gains, pushing 90 million people into poverty in 2020. Case studies from China, Brazil, and Sub-Saharan Africa illustrate the role of policy innovation and governance. The essay advocates for multidimensional approaches, technology-driven solutions, and climate-resilient frameworks to achieve equitable progress. Policy recommendations emphasize inclusive fiscal reforms, global collaboration, and adaptive governance.

Date: 2025
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