Factors Influencing the Performance of Congregational Obligatory Prayers at Mosques in Kelantan from the Perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

Muhammad Saiful Anuar Yusoff, Ahmad Nasir Mohd Yusoff and Zawiah Seman
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Muhammad Saiful Anuar Yusoff: Academy of Language Studies, University Technology MARA Kelantan Branch, Malaysia,
Ahmad Nasir Mohd Yusoff: Faculty of Human Ecology, University Putra Malaysia.
Zawiah Seman: SMK Agama Wataniah, Machang, Kelantan, Malaysia

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 5, 1895-1905

Abstract: Congregational prayer at the mosque is a practice that must be preserved, as it fosters feelings of ‎love among Muslims and cultivates a disciplined and orderly community. Despite the ‎importance of congregational prayer at the mosque, public awareness of its implementation is ‎unsatisfactory. This situation raises questions regarding the factors influencing an individual’s ‎readiness to perform it at the mosque consistently, five times daily. Therefore, this study aims to ‎evaluate the influence of internal factors, such as attitude and perceived behavioral control ‎‎(self-confidence), and external factors, such as subjective norms on the performance of ‎congregational prayer among mosque congregants in Kelantan from the perspective of the ‎Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A total of 623 data points were collected from congregants ‎and analyzed using SPSS and SmartPLS 4.0 software. The study’s findings indicate that all TPB ‎model factors positively influence the performance of congregational prayer (R2=0.585), except ‎for subjective norms, which did not affect this practice. The IPMA analysis results ‎show that perceived behavioral control or self-confidence is the primary predictor of ‎performing congregational prayer, followed by attitude. Suggestions and implications of the ‎study are further discussed.‎

Date: 2025
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