Conflict Dynamics in the Borderlands: A Critical Analysis of the Turkana-Karamoja Cross-Border Conflict

Evans Otieno Odhiambo, Lucy Barbra Ezatiru and Joyce Ediam
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Evans Otieno Odhiambo: Development Studies, Afri Educare Alliance, Makerere University
Lucy Barbra Ezatiru: Development Studies, Afri Educare Alliance, Makerere University
Joyce Ediam: Development Studies, Afri Educare Alliance, Makerere University

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 5, 4872-4878

Abstract: This article examines the complex dynamics of cross-border conflict between pastoralist communities in the Turkana (Kenya) and Karamoja (Uganda) regions. Using conflict tree analysis and stakeholder mapping, the research identifies historical marginalization, resource scarcity, governance deficits, and cultural practices as root causes of persistent violence. The study analyzes how retaliatory raids, climate shocks, territorial disputes, and militarized disarmament campaigns trigger cycles of conflict with severe humanitarian, economic, and social consequences. Drawing on desk research and documentary evidence, the article evaluates peacebuilding interventions and proposes an integrated framework for sustainable cross-border cooperation. This analysis contributes to understanding how colonial legacies, climate change, and weak governance intersect to perpetuate conflict in marginalized borderlands.

Date: 2025
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