Exploring Nepotism in Workplace: Causes, Consequences, and Countermeasures

Hafatin Natrah binti Mohd Noh@Safah and Navaratnam Vejaratnam
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Hafatin Natrah binti Mohd Noh@Safah: Department of Business Management, FAME, New Era University College
Navaratnam Vejaratnam: Department of Business Management, FAME, New Era University College

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 7, 1274-1282

Abstract: Nepotism is the practice of offering jobs or promotions to family members or close associates, often without considering their qualifications. This issue is increasingly visible in both private companies and public institutions, leading to unfair treatment and dissatisfaction among employees who feel their efforts are ignored. A recent example from Malaysia, where the Prime Minister appointed his daughter as a senior advisor, brought public attention to this issue and raised concerns about ethics and transparency in leadership. Nepotism appears in several forms, such as family-based favoritism, political influence, hereditary privilege, and personal bias. It often results from cultural expectations, unclear rules, unethical leadership, or pressure to support relatives. These factors create a system where connections are valued more than merit. This can damage trust among workers, leading to low morale, stress, and conflict in the workplace, as well as harm to the organization’s public image. To reduce nepotism, the article recommends clear anti-nepotism policies, transparent hiring practices, and strong ethical leadership. Case studies from different countries show mixed results. In places like Northern Cyprus and Poland, nepotism created problems. But in some Malaysian family businesses, it worked better when supported by planning, training, and clearly defined roles. The article concludes that the impact of nepotism depends on how it is managed if handled carefully, it can be controlled; if ignored, it leads to long-term harm.

Date: 2025
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