An Improved Method for Examining Solar PV Module Failure and Reliability Rate

Abigail Chidimma Odigbo, Obinna Kingsley Obi and Chinedu Chigozie Nwobu
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Abigail Chidimma Odigbo: Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria
Obinna Kingsley Obi: Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria
Chinedu Chigozie Nwobu: Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria

International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science, 2025, vol. 14, issue 7, 421-431

Abstract: Failure, in general, refers to a situation where the system's performance is significantly impaired, usually dropping below a preset level, such as 80% of its nominal power output. This degradation is caused by a variety of factors, including physical damage, manufacturing defects, and environmental factors. The ability of the PV system to continuously generate electricity over its anticipated lifespan, even in the face of changing environmental conditions, is referred to as reliability. This includes weather resistance, performance, and the system's capacity to continue operating without significant malfunctions. A new method for examining the failure and dependability rate of a solar PV module was examined in this study. The method includes a reliability model called linear degradation model. A PV reliability model was designed based on degradation. On evaluating the model, it was applied to a practical case based on state-of- the-art parameter of crystalline silicon PV technology. This model uses time-dependent power variability and measured degradation rates to produce reliable data, including relevant and tenable power warranties. Examining the reliability and failure of the monocrystalline DSP 210 and polycrystalline SPP 280W PV modules was part of the strategy. With monocrystalline DSP 210, the computed power was 191.134 watts, whereas with polycrystalline DSP 210, it was 267.8 watts. Comparing them to the calculated power for the same model demonstrates their relative reliability. The cells' dependability indicates that they are reliant on the amount of solar radiation present during a specific time of day. Analytical tests and testing revealed that the panels' failure rate was significantly higher in some months than their reliability rate. The bright sunlight over those months was the cause of that.

Date: 2025
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