Advancements in HIV/AIDS Cure Research: Effects on Patient Adherence and Behavioral Trends in the General Population a Scoping Review

Fredrick Otieno Oginga, Felisters Akal Edung, Vasco Dominic Kulimankudya, Brenda Lijodi, Jeremiah Motari and Charles Stephen Okila
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Fredrick Otieno Oginga: Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, Kabarak University, Nakuru 20107, Kenya.
Felisters Akal Edung: Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, Kabarak University, Nakuru 20107, Kenya.
Vasco Dominic Kulimankudya: Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, Kabarak University, Nakuru 20107, Kenya.
Brenda Lijodi: Department of Health Professional Education, School of Public Health and Biomedical Science, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O. Box, 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.
Jeremiah Motari: Department of Nursing, School of Medicine and Health Science, Kabarak University, Nakuru 20107, Kenya.
Charles Stephen Okila: Department of Health Professional Education, School of Public Health and Biomedical Science, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O. Box, 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2024, vol. 11, issue 10, 355-368

Abstract: Introduction: Despite significant global efforts, HIV/AIDS remains a major health issue, with over 39 million people living with HIV worldwide (UNAIDS, 2024). Although Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has improved management, a definitive cure remains elusive. Recent advancements in HIV cure research include functional and sterilizing cures. Functional cures aim to suppress the virus without daily ART, while sterilizing cures seek complete eradication. Breakthroughs in gene editing, stem cell transplants, and latency-reversing agents (LRAs) offer promise but face challenges. Research Gap: The effect of cure-related optimism on patient behavior and ART adherence is underexplored. While optimism may enhance adherence by motivating patients, it could also lead to reduced compliance and risky behaviors. This review investigates how optimism about potential cures impacts ART adherence and behavioral tendencies in HIV-positive individuals. Trends and Impact: Functional cures manage HIV with minimal ART, while sterilizing cures strive for total eradication. Gene editing, stem cell transplants, and LRAs are key recent advancements. Optimism about these cures may boost adherence but also risk reduced compliance and unsafe practices. This review aims to highlight the need for balanced public health strategies to maintain effective ART adherence amid evolving cure research.

Date: 2024
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