Reemergence of Carfentanil: A Growing Threat in the U.S. Opioid Crisis

Taiwo Dolapo Oluyemo, Bakare Ibraheem, Ruth Abioye, Kemisola Kasali and Mariam Olaitan Oladapo
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Taiwo Dolapo Oluyemo: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, United States
Bakare Ibraheem: Department of Public Health, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
Ruth Abioye: Department of Public Health, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
Kemisola Kasali: Department of Health and Human Services, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Mariam Olaitan Oladapo: Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo university, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2025, vol. 12, issue 3, 560-562

Abstract: All authors conceptualized and drafted the first and subsequent versions of this article. All authors read, revised the drafts and approved the final manuscript. Carfentanyl, a highly potent synthetic opioid originally used as a tranquilizer for large animals, is re-emerging as a significant public health threat in the U.S1–3. The recent sevenfold increase in overdose deaths with carfentanil detected (from 29 in early 2023 to 238 in mid-2024) suggests a rapid resurgence. Unlike the 2016–2017 outbreak, which was localized and had low illegally manufactured fentanyl (IMF) co-detection rates (

Date: 2025
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