Enhancing U.S. Healthcare Cybersecurity Through Intelligent Agent–Supported Qualitative Information Systems Audits

Chiedozie M. Okafor, Dickson O. Oseghale and Stephen Ayanlaja
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Chiedozie M. Okafor: ISACA–Abuja Chapter, Financial Analyst | Independent Researcher | Certified Information System Auditor |
Dickson O. Oseghale: Division of Global HIV & TB, U.S. CDC, Budget Analyst |
Stephen Ayanlaja: U.S. CDC, Financial Analyst | Auditor |

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2025, vol. 12, issue 7, 1754-1773

Abstract: U.S. healthcare institutions are grappling with an unprecedented surge in cybersecurity incidents that threaten patient safety, data confidentiality, and operational continuity. Traditional metrics driven audits anchored in technical checklists and quantitative controls frequently overlook the human centric and organizational vulnerabilities that underpin many breaches. This paper delivers a comprehensive systematic review of 23 peer reviewed research papers, industry reports, and regulatory guidelines, augmented by a thematic analysis of survey data from 25 U.S. health systems surveyed anonymously. We identify a clear paradigm shift from purely quantitative assessments toward qualitative audit methodologies that probe governance structures, stakeholder behaviors, and cultural dynamics.

Date: 2025
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