Quantification of Phthalates and Bisphenols in Fish Samples from Owan Market, Edo State, Nigeria

Adetola Mary Olatunji-Ojo
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Adetola Mary Olatunji-Ojo: Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2025, vol. 12, issue 6, 449-456

Abstract: Phthalates and bisphenols are widely used industrial chemicals known for their persistence in the environment and potential to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. This study aimed to quantify selected bisphenols and phthalates in two commercially important fish species—Gymnarchus niloticus and Clarias gariepinus—obtained from Owan Market, Edo State, Nigeria. A total of 30 fish samples were sampled over a five-month sampling periods (June to October 2022). The samples were homogenized and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect four bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPE, and BTMC) and five phthalates (DMP, DCHP, DEHP, DPrP, and DEP). In G. niloticus, phthalate concentrations ranged from not detected (ND) to 45.34 ± 0.17 µg/g, while in C. gariepinus, the concentrations were higher, ranging up to 97.8 ± 0.66 µg/g. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most abundant phthalate in both species while DCHP and DPrP were not detected in G. niloticus and C. gariepinus respectively. There was also significant difference in the concentration of DEHP in C. gariepinus compared to G. niloticus at p

Date: 2025
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