Ebola Virus Immuno-Evasion and Cellular Dysfunctional Mechanics: A Bio-Terrorizing Agent of Zoonotic Origin

Iquo A. Archibong, Mfonabasi U. Inyang, Emmanuel Okon and Idongesit A. Victor
Additional contact information
Iquo A. Archibong: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Mfonabasi U. Inyang: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Okon: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Idongesit A. Victor: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2020, vol. 7, issue 9, 324-338

Abstract: Ebola virus disease remains one of the most deadly epidemic viral disease in humans, characterized by severe hemorrhagic fever, caused by Ebola viruses – an aggressive viral pathogen of a zoonotic origin. A robust immune response against pathogens requires a coordinated-synergistic activities of both innate and adaptive immunological response. However, Ebola virus attacks immune cells to compromise both innate and adaptive immunological responses against their cytopathic induction by adopting myriads of biochemical mechanisms. Ebola virus infection is mediated following viral attachment, receptor-mediated (co-receptor binding) endocytosis and macropinocytosis fusion mechanisms to invade its host cells and subsequently attacking the innate immune response cells (monocyte, macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, neurophiles, basophils and eosinophils) and the adaptive immune response cells (CD8 T-cells, CD4 T-cells, B-cells, regulatory T-cells, natural killer T-cells) to evade the immunological response of the host cell. Immuno-evasion and cellular disruption of both immune cells and non-immune cells/tissues remain one of the major hallmarks of Ebola virus infection. The biochemical mechanisms of Ebola virus disease involves rapid viral genomic integration/expression and viremic dissemination of the viral pathogen to other distant cells/tissues; induction of apoptotic signals in both healthy bystander immune cells and non-immune cells/tissues; deregulation in inflammatory response and intravascular coagulation leading to multi-cells/tissue/organs toxicities and eventually death if supportive measures are not adequate to repair and rejuvenate the Ebola virus induced disarray to its host. This review work elucidates the mechanisms of Ebola virus immuno-evasion and cellular dysfunction, geared towards providing an insightful paradigm that can be utilized to combat Ebola virus bio-terrorizing nature.

Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/d ... -issue-9/324-338.pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.rsisinternational.org/virtual-library/ ... -of-zoonotic-origin/

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:bjc:journl:v:7:y:2020:i:9:p:324-338

Access Statistics for this article

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation is currently edited by Dr. Renu Malsaria

More articles in International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation from International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI)
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Dr. Renu Malsaria ().