Fourth Ventricular Medulloblastoma – A Foremost case in ISTH Irrua

Dr Orume Enegbuya, Dr Bruno Arekhandia, Dr Harriet Aimua and Prof Alex Payim Igbe
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Dr Orume Enegbuya: FMC Path Anatomic Pathologist, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua
Dr Bruno Arekhandia: FWACS, Consultant Neurosurgeon, Department of Surgery, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua
Dr Harriet Aimua: Consultant Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua
Prof Alex Payim Igbe: Anatomic Pathologist / Professor, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2025, vol. 10, issue 3, 284-289

Abstract: Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) though most common malignant brain tumor affecting children and are usually high grade tumours, are only metastatic within the central nervous system and rarely, beyond the neuraxis. This case is presented as the first ever seen in our department despite been in operation in about two decades. The traditional therapeutic mainstay for medulloblastoma includes a multimodal approach which include surgery, radiation, and multiagent chemotherapy. As we discover more about the molecular basis of medulloblastoma, efforts to adjust treatment approaches based on molecular risk stratification are under active investigation. Certainly, the known neurological, developmental, endocrine, and psychosocial injury related to medulloblastoma and its associated therapies motivate ongoing research towards improving treatment for this life-threatening tumor while at the same time minimizing long-term side effects. Case Presentation: We present the case of an 11 year old boy who presented at the neurosurgical unit of our hospital with cerebellar physical symptoms of gait problems without IQ sequelae and had CT scan and MRI radio-diagnosis of a 4th Ventricular tumour probably a Medulloblastoma. He subsequently had surgery and histologically, a diagnosis of Medulloblastoma, desmoplastic variant, W.H.O Grade 4 was made. Conclusion: Medulloblastoma according to the 2016 WHO Classification of CNS tumour as a W.H.O Grade 4 tumour with malignant features and tendency. Therefore, prompt and early diagnosis and proper management including financial and/or health insurance is essential to achieving a good outcome.

Date: 2025
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