Assessment Frameworks for Academic Research and Educational Institutions: A Comparative Analysis of Parameters, Quality Standards, and Grading Systems

Avinash Kumar and Dr. Gopal Singh
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Avinash Kumar: Research Scholar, Department of Education, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur U. P
Dr. Gopal Singh: Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur U. P

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2025, vol. 10, issue 6, 1918-1925

Abstract: This study provides a comparative analysis of the assessment frameworks for academic research and educational institutions, focusing on the key parameters, quality standards, and grading systems used globally. Academic research is primarily evaluated using criteria such as peer review, citation metrics (h-index, impact factor), and innovation, which are widely accepted but often criticized for their lack of inclusivity and disciplinary biases (Smith, 2020). Educational institutions, on the other hand, are evaluated through broader frameworks that include student outcomes, faculty research output, infrastructure, and global rankings like Times Higher Education (THE) and QS World Rankings. These ranking systems rely heavily on research output and citations, often at the expense of teaching quality and societal impact (Johnson, 2021).

Date: 2025
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