Analyses of Vegetation Spectral Characteristics for Accurate Identification

Mustapha Aliyu and Isa Yunusa Chedi
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Mustapha Aliyu: National Space Research & Development Agency, Obasanjo Space Centre, Musa Yar’Adua Way, Lugbe Abuja.
Isa Yunusa Chedi: National Oil Spill Detection & Response Agency, Abuja, Nigeria

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2025, vol. 10, issue 7, 1168-1175

Abstract: This study focuses on analyzing the spectral characteristics of vegetation, investigating the spectral signatures of different vegetation types, and identifying the most informative spectral bands for vegetation identification. The interaction between vegetation and electromagnetic radiation creates unique spectral signatures that serve as a fingerprint for classification. The study highlights the significance of various spectral bands, including the Visible Spectrum (Blue, Green, Red), Near-Infrared (NIR), Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR), and Thermal Infrared (TIR), in providing insights into vegetation properties. Vegetation indices, such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), are quantitative metrics used to assess vegetation density, health, and vitality. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of understanding the spectral characteristics of vegetation and the limitations of vegetation indices. The effectiveness of vegetation indices is influenced by environmental factors, and their application demands careful consideration of the local environmental context. This study contributes to the development of more accurate and robust methods for vegetation identification and classification, using optical satellite images, and has implications for remote sensing applications in environmental monitoring and management.

Date: 2025
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