The Roots of Populism in Poland Do Uneven Economic Development, Social Transfers, Inequality and Migration Explain the Success of Populist Parties?

Łukasz W. Olejnik and Marcin Wroński

Economics and Politics, 2025, vol. 37, issue 2, 685-698

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the socio‐economic factors affecting the electoral outcomes of the populist parties in Poland. According to estimation results, the re‐election of Law and Justice in 2019 can be explained by changes in economic conditions. Slow dynamics of municipality revenues from the personal income tax, depopulation, and social transfers are crucial drivers of its success. Contrary to Western Europe, the effects of immigration and inequality on the outcomes of populist parties in Poland are not statistically significant. Populist parties were successful in gaining support in areas, which traditionally did not vote for them.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:bla:ecopol:v:37:y:2025:i:2:p:685-698

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