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Does Resolution Time Really Matter? Evidence From Chapter 11 Firms

Ying Kai Yap, Jean‐Pierre Fenech and Barry Williams

The Financial Review, 2025, vol. 60, issue 4, 1311-1335

Abstract: This paper investigates how resolution time affects firms under Chapter 11 protection. We find a robust negative association between a firm's resolution time and its probability of emergence, using several controls for endogeneity. The probability of emergence reduces by 0.4% for each month (or 4.8% per year) spent in bankruptcy. Firms filing during recessions have a lower likelihood of emergence. Conditional upon business cycles, the explanatory power of various determinants such as firm size, pre‐packaged or pre‐negotiated bankruptcy, and industry are found to be different. During economic recessions, firm size and pre‐packaged or pre‐negotiated filings have no significant impact on the probability of emergence.

Date: 2025
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