LC‐IMPACT: A regionalized life cycle damage assessment method

Francesca Verones, Stefanie Hellweg, Assumpció Antón, Ligia B. Azevedo, Abhishek Chaudhary, Nuno Cosme, Stefano Cucurachi, Laura de Baan, Yan Dong, Peter Fantke, Laura Golsteijn, Michael Hauschild, Reinout Heijungs, Olivier Jolliet, Ronnie Juraske, Henrik Larsen, Alexis Laurent, Christopher L. Mutel, Manuele Margni, Montserrat Núñez, Mikolaj Owsianiak, Stephan Pfister, Tommie Ponsioen, Philipp Preiss, Ralph K. Rosenbaum, Pierre‐Olivier Roy, Serenella Sala, Zoran Steinmann, Rosalie van Zelm, Rita Van Dingenen, Marisa Vieira and Mark A. J. Huijbregts

Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2020, vol. 24, issue 6, 1201-1219

Abstract: Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is a lively field of research, and data and models are continuously improved in terms of impact pathways covered, reliability, and spatial detail. However, many of these advancements are scattered throughout the scientific literature, making it difficult for practitioners to apply the new models. Here, we present the LC‐IMPACT method that provides characterization factors at the damage level for 11 impact categories related to three areas of protection (human health, ecosystem quality, natural resources). Human health damage is quantified as disability adjusted life years, damage to ecosystem quality as global species extinction equivalents (based on potentially disappeared fraction of species), and damage to mineral resources as kilogram of extra ore extracted. Seven of the impact categories include spatial differentiation at various levels of spatial scale. The influence of value choices related to the time horizon and the level of scientific evidence of the impacts considered is quantified with four distinct sets of characterization factors. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method with an illustrative life cycle assessment example of different fuel options in Europe (petrol or biofuel). Differences between generic and regionalized impacts vary up to two orders of magnitude for some of the selected impact categories, highlighting the importance of spatial detail in LCIA. This article met the requirements for a gold – gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

Date: 2020
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