Do firms hedge in order to avoid financial distress costs? New empirical evidence using bank data

Lutz Hahnenstein, Gerrit Köchling and Peter N. Posch

Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 2021, vol. 48, issue 3-4, 718-741

Abstract: We present a new approach to test empirically the financial distress costs theory of corporate hedging. We estimate the ex‐ante expected financial distress costs, which serve as a starting point to construct further explanatory variables in an equilibrium setting, as a fraction of the value of an asset‐or‐nothing put option on the firm's assets. Using single‐contract data of the derivatives' use of 189 German middle‐market companies that stems from a major bank as well as Basel II default probabilities and historical accounting information, we are able to explain a significant share of the observed cross‐sectional differences in hedge ratios. Hence, our analysis adds further support for the financial distress costs theory of corporate hedging from the perspective of a financial intermediary.

Date: 2021
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