What Is Known about Punctuated Equilibrium Theory? And What Does That Tell Us about the Construction, Validation, and Replication of Knowledge in the Policy Sciences?
Johanna Kuhlmann and
Jeroen van der Heijden
Review of Policy Research, 2018, vol. 35, issue 2, 326-347
Abstract:
This article reviews how the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET) has been applied in studies analyzing policy change. It builds on a systematic evidence synthesis of peer†reviewed empirical literature that is based on the core readings by Frank R. Baumgartner and Bryan D. Jones. The article identifies trends in the geographical and policy focus of PET studies; maps, explores, and interrogates how core concepts of PET are applied in empirical analyses; and, finally, assesses the analytical and explanatory power of PET when applied to empirical phenomena. The article finds that PET studies have contributed a great deal to our knowledge on particular cases, but that more often than not PET is applied in a selective manner. The article deals with the implications of these findings for further theory development in policy analysis.é—´æ–å¹³è¡¡ç †è®ºæœ‰å“ªäº›å†…å®¹ï¼Ÿå®ƒå¯¹æ”¿ç–科å¦ä¸å…³äºŽçŸ¥è¯†æž„å»ºã€ éªŒè¯ å’Œå¤ åˆ¶çš„çœ‹æ³•æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆï¼Ÿ 本文检验了间æ–å¹³è¡¡ç †è®ºï¼ˆPunctuated Equilibrium Theory, PETï¼‰å¦‚ä½•è¢«åº”ç”¨äºŽåˆ†æž æ”¿ç–å ˜åŒ–çš„ç ”ç©¶ã€‚æœ¬æ–‡åŸºäºŽä¸€é¡¹é’ˆå¯¹å Œè¡Œè¯„å®¡å®žè¯ æ–‡çŒ®çš„ç³»ç»Ÿæ€§è¯ æ ®ç»¼å ˆ, å Žè€…åŸºäºŽå¼—å…°å…‹Â·é² å§†åŠ ç‰¹çº³ï¼ˆFrank R. Baumgartnerï¼‰å’Œå¸ƒèµ–æ ©Â·ç ¼æ–¯ï¼ˆBryan D. Jones)æ å‡ºçš„æ ¸å¿ƒè§‚ç‚¹ã€‚æ–‡ç« è¯†åˆ«äº†PET ç ”ç©¶ä¸åœ°ç †ç„¦ç‚¹å’Œæ”¿ç–ç„¦ç‚¹çš„è¶‹åŠ¿ï¼›å Œæ—¶ç¼–æŽ’ã€ æŽ¢ç´¢ã€ è´¨ç–‘äº†PET æ ¸å¿ƒæ¦‚å¿µå¦‚ä½•åº”ç”¨äºŽå®žè¯ åˆ†æž ï¼›æœ€å Žè¯„ä¼°äº†PETçš„åˆ†æž èƒ½åŠ›å’Œè§£é‡Šèƒ½åŠ›ï¼ˆå½“åº”ç”¨äºŽå®žè¯ çŽ°è±¡æ—¶ï¼‰ã€‚æœ¬æ–‡å ‘çŽ°, PETç ”ç©¶åœ¨æŸ äº›æ¡ˆä¾‹ä¸æ 供了相当多的知识, 但更多的情况则是, PETæ˜¯ä¸€ç§ é€‰æ‹©æ€§çš„åº”ç”¨ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ ä¾›äº†è¿™äº›ç ”ç©¶å ‘çŽ°çš„æ„ ä¹‰, 用于政ç–åˆ†æž çš„è¿›ä¸€æ¥ç †è®ºå ‘展。¿Qué Se Sabe De La TeorÃa Del Equilibrio Puntuado—y Qué Nos Dice Eso Acerca De La Construcción, Validación y Replicación De Conocimiento En Las Ciencias PolÃticas? Este artÃculo examina cómo la teorÃa del equilibrio puntuado (PET) ha sido aplicada en estudios que analizan los cambios polÃticos. Le agrega a una sÃntesis de evidencia sistemática de estudios empÃricos revisados en pares que está basada en las lecturas centrales de Frank R. Baumgartner y Bryan D. Jones. El artÃculo identifica patrones en el enfoque geográfico y polÃtico de los estudios PET; esquematiza, explora e interroga cómo los conceptos centrales de la PET se aplican a los análisis empÃricos; y finalmente, evalúa el poder analÃtico y explicativo de la PET cuando se aplica a fenómenos empÃricos. El artÃculo encuentra que los estudios de PET han contribuido mucho a nuestro conocimiento de casos particulares, pero que a menudo la PET se aplica de una manera selectiva. El artÃculo tiene que ver con las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para avanzar el desarrollo de las teorÃas en el análisis polÃtico.
Date: 2018
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