Policy for the public without the public: Net neutrality in Israel

Avshalom Ginosar

Review of Policy Research, 2021, vol. 38, issue 6, 661-676

Abstract: This study investigates the policy process through which net neutrality (NN) policy in Israel has been shaped. The analysis employs a framework based on the Internet Governance concept and the multi‐stakeholder approach. Based on the analysis of formal documents, debates in parliamentary committees and the Parliament plenum, and position papers of various actors, the findings show that NN policy in Israel is one more layer of the neo‐liberal policy in the telecommunication sector. It is demonstrated how experts and bureaucrats, influenced by industry interests, have been dominant during the policy process while civil society groups representing the public interests have been only marginal actors. The paper concludes with a call for a more proactive attitude of all stakeholder groups in order to enable a more balanced governance of central internet issues, such as NN. 本研究分析了以色列网络中立性（NN）形成所涉及的政策过程。使用的框架基于网络治理概念和多利益攸关方方法。通过分析正式文件、议会委员会辩论和议会全体人员会议辩论、以及不同行动者的立场文章，研究结果显示，以色列的网络中立性政策是电信业新自由主义政策的一种体现。证明了受产业利益影响的专家和官僚人员如何在政策过程中占据主导地位，而代表公共利益的公民社会团体却一直是边缘行动者。本文的结论呼吁所有利益攸关方团体采取更主动的态度，让例如网络中立性等互联网核心问题的治理变得更平衡。 Este estudio investiga el proceso político a través del cual se ha configurado la política de neutralidad de la red (NN) en Israel. El análisis emplea un marco basado en el concepto de Gobernanza de Internet y el enfoque de múltiples partes interesadas. Con base en el análisis de documentos formales, debates en las comisiones parlamentarias y el pleno del Parlamento, y documentos de posición de varios actores, los hallazgos muestran que la política de NN en Israel es una capa más de la política neoliberal en el sector de las telecomunicaciones. Se demuestra cómo los expertos y burócratas, influenciados por los intereses de la industria, han sido dominantes durante el proceso de políticas, mientras que los grupos de la sociedad civil que representan los intereses públicos han sido solo actores marginales. El documento concluye con un llamado a una actitud más proactiva de todos los grupos de partes interesadas para permitir una gobernanza más equilibrada de los problemas centrales de Internet, como NN.

Date: 2021
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