Genetically Modified Organisms and Trade Rules: Identifying Important Challenges for the WTO

Grant E. Isaac and William Kerr

The World Economy, 2003, vol. 26, issue 1, 29-42

Abstract: Controversial debates associated with the establishment of international market access rules for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) illustrate a more general challenge facing the World Trade Organisation (WTO); to acceptably accommodate growing consumer concerns regarding a product's production and processing methods (PPM). This paper aims to clarify the debates by examining the foundations of and the procedures for the WTO's decision–making on PPM–based market access rules. To illustrate this, both an import embargo and a mandatory labelling regulation for GMOs are examined. The strengths and weaknesses of the current decision–making procedure are discussed and options for future negotiations are proposed.

Date: 2003
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